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Controlling Chemical Reactions (Rates of Chemical Reactions (Concentration…
Controlling Chemical Reactions
Rates of Chemical Reactions
Inhibitors
a material used to decrease the rate of a reaction is called an inhibitor
Temperature
when you heat a substance, its particles move faster
faster-moving particles increase the reaction rate in two ways
the particles come in contact more often, which means there are more chances for a reaction to happen
faster-moving particles have more energy, this energy helps the reactants get over the starting activation energy
Surface Area
when a chunk of solid material reacts with a liquid or a gas, only the particles on the surface of the solid can come in contact with the other reactant
Concentration
concentration is the amount of one material in a given amount of another material
increasing the concentrations of the reactants makes more particles available to react
Catalysts
a catalyst is a material that increases the rate of a reaction by lowering the activation energy
the cells in your body contain biological catalysts called enzymes
enzymes provide a surface on which reactions take place
chemists can control the rates of reactions by changing factors such as concentration, temperature, and surface area, and by using substances called catalysts and inhibitors
Getting Reactions Started
Activation Energy
chemical reactions need a certain amount of energy to get started
the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction is called the activation energy of the reaction
Energy and Types of Reactions
in exothermic reactions there is not additional energy needed to complete the reaction
energy is given off as the reaction takes place
endothermic reactions need a supply of energy to keep the reaction going
Keegan Davis 2/1/20