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International Business, International Management, and International…
International Business, International Management, and International Strategy
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What is international management?
Crossing borders include tangible and intangible cross-border transfers (“management resources, philosophies and practices” ) across national borders.
Which for organizations implies “an interaction between two or more cultures”
Management is the process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the organization, which individuals (managers) use to achieve an organization’ s goals.
Management includes all “socially constructed activities that take place in multiple types of organizations all over the world—whether profit-seeking, not-for-profit or public”
Managers “plan, organize, staff, direct and evaluate” and “make decisions” with the goal of adding value to an organization
International Management is the process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the organization
The goal of IM is to achieve the firm’s international objectives by effectively procuring, distributing, and using company resources, including people, capital, know-how, and physical assets, across countries
Categories of IM
First category consists of “pure” IM research, which he defines as studies that look at the management of firms in a multinational context.
Second category contains studies that compare the management practices of different cultures and nations, known as “comparative” or “cross-cultural management studies.”
How are international business, management, and strategy related?
Professional groups
the International Management Division of the Academy of Management (IM)
the Global Strategy Interest Group in the Strategic Management Society (IS)
the Academy of International Business (IB)
IB is
Business crossing national borders, which includes comparative studies of business as an organizational form in different countries, cross-border activities of businesses, and interactions of business with the international environment
Enviroment field
International
Domestic
IM is
The intersection of the management circle with the cross-border boundaries of the international environment
International strategy
an explanation of firms performance by understandig the roles of external and internal environments and relationg competencies and advantages to opportunities with the external environment
the assembly, protection, and application of unique resources and capabilities to gain sustained competitive advantage in the marketplace
comprehensive set of commitments, decisions, and actions by firms to gain competitiveness internationally.
International Business
International activities are those that involve crossing the borders between nation-states.
The domain of business studies is therefore the study of business as an enterprise.
IB assumes the economic, sociocultural, and political dimensions and refers to negotiated trade and investment that join na- tions and cross state barriers, but with certain IB activities straddling both sets of dimensions.
Business that crosses national borders, that is, it includes the comparative study of business as an organizational form in different countries, cross-border activities of businesses, and interactions of business with the international environment.
