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History of Madness (History (17th - 18th Century (Late 18th Century (Some…

- - - - With the historical evidence from the podcast, each ancient society has a belief of possession by spirits as a punishment
        
        In the Old Testament, evil spirits were thought to be portrayed as mental disorder as a punishment for one's sins
        
        In Ancient Greece, Madness is described as an illness with the words blood, black and yellow bile, and phlegm
        
        These 4 factors have to be in balance but when one of the four are out of balance you have mania or melancholia
        
        Blood, Black and Yellow Bile, and phlegm are considered to be the factors that affect one's temperament and character
        
        Attributed to Hippocrates
        
        Hippocrates was an ancient greek physician who lived in Greece's Classical Period and is regarded as the father of medicine
        
        In the New Testament, Jesus is portrayed as casting demons and devils out of bodies
        
        5 devils out of Mary Magdalen
        
        Extra info = A Liberated Soul
        Luke links Mary with Joanna and Susanna and “many others” as those healed of evil spirits and infirmities by Jesus. As Mary is referred to as having “seven demons” her condition must have been worse than the rest. But the moment Jesus' compassionate eyes saw the wild-eyed and cringing woman of Magdala, He saw in her the ministering angel who would be a blessing to His own heart and to others. In His authoritative voice He commanded the tormenting demons to come out—and stay out—of her. “Back! back! to your native hell, ye foul spirits of the pit,” and the miracle happened. Her deranged and nerve-racked mind became as tranquil as the troubled lake Jesus calmed. Sanity returned, the rosy tint was restored to her cheeks, and she was made whole.
        “BibleGateway.” Mary Magdalene - All the Women of the Bible - Bible Gateway, www.biblegateway.com/resources/all-women-bible/Mary-Magdalene.
        
        Encounters a madman in Gadarenes and casts the devils out of the madman
        
        Common association in the Testament (Naked = Serious Madness)
        
        Christianity
        
        Exorcising madness
        
        Passed from Christ to his disciples to his bishops and to the priests
        
        Christians becomes saints and their relics become holy items to help cure mental illness
        
        Relics such as blood, hair, bones etc...
        
        Canterbury Tales = Pilgrims are sent to Canterbury to be cured of bodily and metal illnesses
        
        Depiction in Chapels of cathedral at Canterbury
        
        2 more items...
        
        Christianity was viewed as the cure to most madness in the earlier centuries
        
        Saints
        
        Saints were believed to have a certain power over the mental by their extensive use of decapitation
        
        The loss of heads gave them "power" over mental troubles
  - - - The main problem was where to draw the bounderies between Medicine and Religion
  - - - By this time, Medicine is considered holistic, whilst incorporating the realm of the psychological and the physical
    - - A number of scientific devices are created for curing mental illness
      - Some devices drew inspiration from Roman history where people who nearly drowned regained sanity
        
        The Chinese Temple
        
        A device that mimics the effects of drowning by lowing a cage with the patient into the water and after nearly drowning, pulling them back up whilst hoping that they are alive and have regained sanity
        
        Whirling Chairs
        
        A device that spun and shoved people around at fast speed, causing vomiting and the emptying of their bladders and bowels in quick succession
        
        A concept that this would shock people back into sanity, by cleansing their physical body
  - - - Two Nobel Prizes are given for two treatments for mental illness
        
        Giving malaria deliberately to patients suffering from tertiary syphilis, where the high fever from malaria cures some minor syphilitic infections
        
        The use of lobotomy, where the frontal lobe of a mental patient is removed and therefore returns the person to sanity while removing their personality and problem solving skills
    - - ECT (Electroconvulsive therapy)
        
        A technique that is still used and applied today for depressed patients
- - - - Meant that people lost all their rights and therefore any kind of desperate or rash remedy could be tried on them without any consent
- - - - Not yet a clear understanding on why these mental illnesses happen or how to fix them
        
        Alzheimer's Disease
        
        Huntington's Disease
        
        Bipolar Disease