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Hypertension (Risk Factors (Family History, Elderly, Smoking, Obesity,…
Hypertension
Risk Factors
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Low intake of potassium, calcium, magnesium
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Treatment
Lifestyle modifications to diet, and exercise regimen, stopping smoking, losing weight, reduce salt intake.
Thiazide diuretics, angiotensin 2 blocking agents, Ca channel blockers, beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, ARB.
Pathophysiology
Genetics and the environment lead to inflammation, obesity, insulin resistance, dysfunction of the SNS, RAA, and natriuretic hormones.
Vasoconstriction, renal salt and water retention
Increased peripheral vascular resistance, increased blood volume
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Diagnosis
Two separate blood pressure readings at least two minutes apart, on two separate occasions.
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CBC, UA, biochemical profile, and ECG
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