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Ecology of Parenting (Macrosystem influneces on Parenting (Political…
Ecology of Parenting
Macrosystem influneces on Parenting
Political ideology
autocracy
democracy
religious influence
national influence
ethnic influence
progressive influence
Socioeconomic Status
Upper/middle class teens
more self-centered and depressed
Parenting, Culture, Ethnicity, and Religion
Similarities across cultures, ethnicities and religions
Ensure physical health and survival
Develop behavioral capacities for economic self-maintenance.
Instill behavioral capacities for maximizing cultural values, such as morality, prestige,and achievement.
Diversity among cultures, ethnicities and religions
Authority roles
communication
display of emotion
discipline/guidance of children
skills emphasized
Chronosystem influence on parenting
Family dynamics and change over time
Children's characteristics
Age and cognitive development
Temperament
easy
difficult
slow-to-warm-up
Gender
roles based on social expectations
Presence of disability
Family characteristics
size
configuration
parents' life stage
image making
nurturing
authority
interpretive
interdependent
departure
marital quality
parent ability to cope with stress
parenting styles
acceptance/responsiveness
give affection
provide encouragement
sensitive to children's needs
unaccepting/unresponsive
rejecting
critical
insensitive to children's needs
demanding/controlling
set rules for children and monitor compliance
undemanding/uncontrolling
make few demands
allow much autonomy
Mesosystem influence on parenting
interaction between parents and others
support from community
Appropriate parenting practices
consider the child's age capacity
maintain reasonable expectations
consider and work with the child's strengths/limitations/needs
utilize a range of acceptable disciplinary approaches
give basic care, nurturing, and support
model self-control
Inappropriate parenting practices
All forms of abuse and maltreatment
Microsystem influence on parenting
interactions btw parent and child
Authoritarian
Authoritative
permissive
overinvolved
attachment
Secure attachment
resistant attachment
avoidant attachment
disorganized/disoriented attachment
Competence
incompetent children
remain unnoticed or are disruptive
need a lot of direction to complete a task
have difficulty getting along with others
lack ability to anticipate consequences
have simplistic vocab
competent childre
get attention in acceptable ways
use adults as resources
get along well with others
plan and carry out complicated tasks
use and understand complex sentences
Exosystem influence on parenting
Parental occupation
determines socioeconomic status