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4.2.2 Classification (Taxonomic hierarchy (species (organisms within a…
4.2.2 Classification
Taxonomic hierarchy
domain
Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryotae
kingdom
Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Protoctista, Prokaryotae
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order
e.g. Herbivora, Carnivora
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species
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a group of individual organisms that are very similar in appearance, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and genetics
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Protoctista
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autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition; photosynthesis, ingesting prey, parasites etc.
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Binomial naming system
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genus: uppercase first letter, species: all lowercase, all in italics if typed or underlined if written
uses Latin as a universal language, so every scientist in every country uses the same name
before different common names were used in different countries, and it was too confusing to use a long description of the organism each time
makes study of living things more manageable, easier to identify organisms; to help see the relationship between species
Original classification
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live in water, air or land
physical traits e.g. legs, fins, wings
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now use microscopes, as clearly some do not fit into either plant or animal kingdom
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