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Emphysema (Signs and Symptoms (Signs of right heart failure (JVD,…
Emphysema
Signs and Symptoms
Signs of right heart failure
JVD
Peripheral edema
Hepatic congestion
Wheezing and/or rhonchi
Agitation
Diminished breath sounds
Confusion
Clubbing of the fingers
Somnolence
Pursed lip breathing
One to two word dyspnea
Hypertrophy of accessory muscles
Use of accessory muscles
Pink in color (due to excessive production of red blood cells.
Rapid Resting Respiratory Rate
Barrel Chest
Treatments
Provide supplemental O2
Nasal cannula
BVM
Intubate if respiratory failure is imminent
Place in a seated or semi seated position
Place a saline lock
Establish and airway
Consider medications
Bronchodilators
Albuterol 2.5 mg (adult)
Levalbuterol 0.63 mg (adult)
Metaproterenol 0.2-0.3 mL (adult)
Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) 0.5 mg (adult)
Corticosteroids
Methylprednisolone 125-250 mg (adult)
Hydrocortisone 40-250 mg (adult)
Dexamethasone 4-24 mg (adult)