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Motivation (1. Definition of motivation ((Effort: Measure of Intensity. {…
Motivation
1. Definition of motivation
Effort: Measure of
Intensity
.
{ Motivated --> Tries Hard --> effort is toward the organisational goals --> high work performance --> achievement of organisational goals }
Need:
Internal
state that makes certain outcomes appear
attractive
. It is created due to Physiological or Psychological imbalance. Example: When the body is deprived of food and water.
Definition: The willingness to exert high levels of
effort
toward organisational goals, conditioned by the effort's ability to satisfy some individual
need
Motivation is a need-satisfying process
4. Organisational Motivation Programmes
2. Employee Involvement Programmes
: Group of
employees
that meet regularly to discuss work problems, investigate
causes
, recommend
suggestions
and take
corrective
actions. (Example: Staff suggestion schemes)
3. Employee Recognition Programmes
: Consistent with
reinforcement / encouragement
(Example: long service award, customer service award, time-off, cash)
Flexible Benefits
:
Pick and choose from a menu of benefit options
that is
most suited for his/her own needs and situation.
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs theory
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
theory : Within every human being exists 5 needs
1)Physiological: Survival needs (Food, water SEX)
2)Safety : Security and protection from physical and emotional harm
3)Social/Belongingness : Affection, Acceptance and friendship
4)Esteem: Positive self -image, Self worth and achievement
5)Self-actualisation: acheiving one's potential and self fufilment.
In summary : To motivate someone, you need to understand what level of the needs hierarchy they are focused on and work on that.
Alderfer's ERG theory
1)Existence (E) : Physiological and Safety needs 2)Relatedness (R) : Social needs 3)Growth (G): Esteem and self- actualisation
In Summary : Lower order needs lead to the desire to satisfy higher order needs, however frustration in attempting attempting to satisfy higher level needs can end in regression to a lower level need
2. The Motivation Process
Process:
Unsatisfied Need --> Tension --> Drive --.> Search Behaviour --> Satisfied need --> Reduction of Tension
EXAMPLE:
Retrenchment or Jobless Unsatisfied need ---- Unemployed
Tension ---- No income, no basic necessities
Drive ---- To look for jobs
Search behaviour ---- Job fair, newspaper advertisements, career fairs
Satisfied need ---- Job offer
Reduction of tension ---- Stop looking for jobs and focuses on other needs
Needs Theories