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PSY 370 - Midterm (1) (Non-associative learning (Habituation (Decreased…

- - - - Associationism
        
        Similarity
        
        shared features
        
        Frequency
        
        association reccurency
        
        Contiguity
        
        closure in
        
        Space
        
        Time
        
        William James
        (1890)
        
        complex association
        
        networks of ideas
        
        reactivation of memories
        
        from specific cues
        
        reactivated synapses
        =
        More efficient
        
        Hebbian Synapses
        
        3 more items...
      - Empiricism
        
        ideas are result of experiences
  - - - evolutionary psychology
        
        Law of effect
        
        positive outcomes
        
        more likely to repeat
        
        negative outcomes
        
        less likely to repeat
        
        Thorndike
  - - - list of words
        
        learning
        
        4 key steps
        
        learn, delay, test, relearn
        
        retaining information
        
        retention curve
        
        forget a lot directly after
        
        retain 25 % after 1 month
- - - - startle reflex
        
        Aplysia
        
        Short-term hab.
        
        Less NT release
        
        Long-term hab.
        
        Less sensory neurons
      - orienting response
      - less arousing event = more likely to habituate
    - - stimulus specific
        
        doesn't apply to other stimulus
      - dishabituation
        
        Renewal of initial response after being shown a new stimulus
        
        factors
        
        Strenght
        
        Better habituation
        
        Low arousing
        Close repetition
        Frequent repetition
        
        frequency
        
        Time between exposures
      - spontaneous recovery
  - - - factors
        
        Frequency
        
        Strenght
        
        delay between repetition
      - Aplysia
        
        Short-term sens.
        
        Long-term sens.
        
        More NT release
        
        more synapses
  - - - sounds for kids
      - Face vs. race
      - wine taste
  - - - larger hyppocampus
        
        Place cells
        
        more precise when known environment
- - - - Dog salivation to bell
        
        US
        
        food
        
        UR
        
        salivation
        
        CS
        
        Bell ring
        
        CR
        
        salivation
    - - Acquisition
        
        More CS-US : CS = CR increase magnitude & reliability
      - Frequency
        
        less pairing = less conditioning of CR
      - Generalization
        
        CS's with shared characteristics can trigger CR
      - Nature of CR
        
        Determined US and CS
      - Timing : interstimulus interval (ISI) effects
        
        optimal ISI increases CR
    - - Spontaneous recovery
        
        reccurence of CR after some time
      - Reacquisition
        
        faster re-learn of CS-US association
      - Renewal
        ABA
      - reinstatement
        
        brief exposure to US can restore CR - CS