Monosaccharides (from the Greek monos, single, and sacchar, sugar) generally have molecular formulas that are some mul tiple of the unit CH 2 O Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) most common monosaccharide , is of central importance in the chemistry of life. In the structure of glucose, we can see the trademarks of a sugar : The molecule has a carbonyl group , C = O , and multiple hydroxyl groups , - OH ( Figure 5.3)
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