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Long term causes of the Spanish Civil War (Economic problems (spain needed…
Long term causes of the Spanish Civil War
Political issues
Elected by a limited section of the male population, political control merely shifted between different powerful cliques.
Elections were usually rigged or decided by corruption
spain had a constitutional monarchy but the real power remained in the hands of the wealthy oligarchs
Two main parties
Liberals
Conservatives
Spain had no mass democratic political parties
Army
they had a powerful position due to the role they played in Spain's past and they saw themselves as the protector of the nation
the army had historically intervened in politics in spain
they weren't popular with the spanish people
desperately needed a reform because of the size of the army
the upper and middle classes defended the scale of the military and the upper class dominated the officer corps
Socio-Political Tensions
the church was backed by the state and guaranteed its education and in elements of the economy
the church used its wealth and position to gain considerable political and social influence
the catholic church was wealthy and powerful in spain and its power and political influence had led to disputes between church and state throughout the 19th century
the church promoted social, political, and economic conservatism and its opposed to liberal and modernizing forces
the church was funded by the aristocracy and upper classes because of their close ties of senior clergy
the church was popular in rural areas and in many urban areas they werent popular but mostly resented because of their ties with the aristocracy and the wealthy elites.
Regionalism
Both the Catalans and basques had separate languages and cultures and by the 20th century they had industrialized their economies
economic strains between the regions and the central government
centralist state opposed the demands for autonomy from Catalonia and the basque regions which wanted decentralization and independence
spain's key industries were concentrated in the catalan and basque region
Catalans region
Iron
Coal
Textiles
Basque region
Shipbuilding
Economic problems
the agricultural work was seasonal and highly inefficient
rural worker had to migrate to find jobs and sometimes majority lived in grueling poverty
Spain was an agricultural economy with agriculture labor wa sthe main source of employment
Latifundia was owned by the 'Grandees'
this elite group also dominated the political system
some rural poor turned from church organizations to radical political groups
the state's civil guard was used to crush disorder
spain needed economic modernization
north had industrialized there had been a lack of reform and investment
workers in the urbanized cities had a low standard of living due to low wages, long hours, unregulated working conditions and poor housing
Political Divisions
small spanish communist party had been founded after bolshevik revolution in russia in 1917
anarchists were a major political group in spain
liberal movement in spain, mainly supported by the educated middle classes.
federacion anarquista iberica carried out bombings and assassination
the anarchists would not engage in any democratic processes and called for a revolution