1.1 Computer Hardware

Modems

It is a hardware device that convert data into a format suitable for a transmission medium so that it can be transmitted from computer to computer.

Advantages:

It allows you and your devices to access the internet
and communicate with the outside world.

More useful in connecting LAN with the Internet.

Disadvantages:

It can allow viruses and hackers to enter your network.

No traffic maintenance is present.

Hub

It is a common connection point for devices in a network.

Advantages:

It can extend the total distance of the network.

It is cheaper

Disadvantages:

Does not operate in full duplex mode.

It cannot filter information.

Switches

A device for making and breaking the connection in an electric circuit.

Advantages:

They help in reducing workload on individual host PCs.

They increase the performance of the network.

Disadvantages:

They are more expensive compared to network bridges.

Broadcast traffic may be troublesome.

Bridges

It is a computer networking device that creates a single aggregate network from multiple communication networks or network segments.

Advantages:

Bridges can extend a network by acting as a repeater

Bridges reduce collisions

Disadvantages:

Bridges are more expensive than repeaters and hubs.

Do more work than others, which means it could be slow.

Routers

A networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks.

Advantages:

It can reduce network traffic by creating collision domains
and also by creating broadcast domains.

It can choose the best path across the internet
network using dynamic routing algorithms.

Disadvantages:

They are expensive compared to other network devices.

They operate based on routable network protocols.