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The History and development of the Conservative party (The early…
The History and development of the Conservative party
The early conservatives
The early conservatives were labelled Tories (Gaelic for thief or brigand).They were traditional supporters of the monarchy as opposed to the Whig Party, who tended to support parliamentarianism and the middle classes
One Nation Conservatism
Led by
Benjamin Disraeli in 1860s and 70s
. Saw the party rule in the interests of all classes. Passed numerous laws (Factory Act, Public Health Act etc)
New Right
Thatcher came to power in 1979. She wanted privatisation and to curb trade union powers. She marked a shift away from the post was consensus and the party became known as the New Right
William Pitt the Younger
Credited with
'New Toryism'
. He oversaw the union go Great Britain in 1801. His reign was stable.
Edmund Burke
Burke was one of the prominent conservative thinkers of the late 18th century. He was alarmed by the violence of the French Revolution, and he argued that change in society should come about but be
slow
and
gradual
. Sudden changes would result in social disorder
Sir Robert Peel
'The father of the modern conservative party'. He wrote the Tamworth Manifesto in 1834 outlining conservative commitment to reform
Trade Unions
Had
strong power throughout 1970s
. Thatcher was intent on curbing this power. She passed the
Trade Union Act
in 1984 and closed down mines that were losing money in the same year. There was a
mining strike
in 1984 but Thatcher eventually won this.
Post War Conservatives
Led by
Churchill and Macmillan
, agreed to support the reforms of the Labour Government. Had to maintain a strong private sector for economy to be strong. Macmillan's conservatism is often referred to as 'compassionate'
The Big Bang 1985
The stock exchange in London was dominated by
elite stock brokers
and investing was
expensive
in this sector. Thatcher
removed lots of regulations
surrounding investment ,
encouraging instead computerisation
of the market
New Labour
In power from 1997-2010. Conservatives struggled during this period, failing to remove the
'nasty party'
label. Although Blair introduced lots of social legislation and constitutional reform,
New labour were far closer to the New Right
than the Old Labour party
David Cameron
Elected leader of Conservatives 2005. His election marked a change in conservative thinking. He shared Thatchers views of the primacy of free market, he was more socially liberal (e.g same sex marriage). He also promoted constitutional reform due to coalition with the lib dems