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Diabetes Mellitus - Type 1 (complications (diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA):…
Diabetes Mellitus - Type 1
lab/ diagnostic studies
blood glucose measurements
fasting plasma (FPG)
below 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) is considered normal
casual plasma glucose
glucose tolerance test
glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C)
goal of 6.5% or less
urine tests
considered out of date according to our textbook, however can check for ketones/development of ketoacidosis
causes - pathophysiology
Beta cell destruction, typically leading to insulin deficiency
risk factors
genetics and family history
symptoms
polyuria - excessive urinating
polydipsia - excessive thirst
polyphagia - excessive hunger
weight loss despite normal or increased appetite
blurred vision
complications
diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA): liver processes the fat too quickly, molecules come off as ketones, causes blood acidity
hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS): high blood sugar results in high osmolarity without significant ketoacidosis
hypoglycemia
neuropathy
retinopathy
foot ulcers
nephropathy
atherosclerosis
collaborative treatments
diet
no longer a standard diabetic diet, however it's more individualized now
exercise
cardiovascular health, usually lowers blood sugar, decrease stress, also needs to be personalized
medicine
insulin
April Magneson