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Eye and Endocrine System (Major glands/organs and function: (Hypothalamus:…
Eye and Endocrine System
Major Struct. and function of the eye
Iris
: Controls size of pupil; visible colored part.
pupil
: opening that lets light into eye
cornea
: transparent covering
Choroid
: dark pigment layer
Sclera
: fibrous "white" part of eye
Disease associated with the eye
Conjunctivitis: inflammation of conjunctiva; bacteria or viral infection
Names of hormones; organs along with functions
Steroid Hormones
: Pass through cell membrane, located in target cells, and make specific protein.
Nonsteroid hormones
: target cell's membranes. Triggers a cascade of reaction inside the cell called
signal transduction
.
Disease associated with the endocrine system
Graves disease
: autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism.
Type 1 diabetes
: Blood sugar being too high; beta cells don't make insulin.
Type 2 diabetes
: Produce insulin, but the cells don't respond. Insulin production decrease.
Cushing's disease
: Too much cortisol. Depresses cartilage/bone formation and immune system.
Major functions of the endocrine system
Hormones: steroids, amines, peptides, proteins, or glycoproteins
Major glands/organs and function:
Hypothalamus
: link to nervous system to the endocrine system.
Pituitary gland
: secrete hormones into your bloodstream
Pineal gland
: Regulates and produces melatonin
Thyroid gland
: regulated metabolic rate as well as the heart and digestive system
Adrenal glands
: Cortex and medulla responsible producing different hormones
Parathyroid glands
: Raises blood levels
Ovaries
: Produce oestrogen and progesterone
Testis
: produce gametes or sperm, primarily testosterone