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WORKING POLITICAL CLASSES (Industrial Revolution (technological advances…
WORKING POLITICAL CLASSES
Industrial Revolution
technological advances
dramatic economic changes
agriculture
less important
than industry
industrial capitalism emerged
Great Britain
1750
almost 100 years
afected every sector economy
transformed society
Class-based Society
result
18th century revolutions
French Revolution
abolished
privilegies nobility/clergy
status
depended
wealth and job
Industrial Revolution
+importance
wealthy bourgeoisie
owners factories/business
new group
working class
industrial workers
CHARACTERISTICS
society
+open
class could change
all citizens
=under law
economic inequalities
pople's class
wealth
lands
businesses
wages
buildings
other income
3 groups
upper class
wealthiest people
wealthy bpurgeoisie
dominant group
nobility
middle class
services
civil servants
lawyers
doctors
workshops/shops
small-scale merchants
craftsmen
working class
proletariat
industrial workers
peasants
Working-class movements
Origins Politics
workin/living conditions
protests (opposed demands)
19th century
Great Britain
Luddites
1811
destroying machines
death penalty
Trade unions
1830s
workers same factory
mutual assistance
beber working conditions
strikes
negociaciones failed
Chartist movement
1838-1848
political reforms
universal manhood suffrage
salaries parliament
laws protect workers interests
rejected
Demands conceded
political reforms
freedom of association
ban on child labour
right to strike/protest
better safety & hygiene
universal manhood suffrage
shorter working days
end parliamentarians properties owners
Higher wages
working class representation in parliament
Industrial Conditions
wealthy bourgeoisie
higher standards living
confortable homes
education
healthcare
entertainment
holidays
working class
wages too low
women & children work
lower wages
14-16 hours/day
discipline
really strict
speak/break machine
FINED
child labour
lack safety & hygiene
chronic illnesses
accidents
workers no rights
illness/accident/death
dismissed no compensation
no right to protest/strike
Revolutionary Ideologies
Anarchism
Pierre Prudhon
Abolition Capitalism
social revolution
direct action
each citizen
represents him/herself
anarchist rejected
political parties
elections
individual Freedom
people fight
agsinst authority
limited freedom
state
church
abolition private property
society
independent communes
means production
collectively
decisions
popular assemblies
best-known advocate
Mikhail Bakunin
INTERNATIONAL
second 1/2 19th century
leaders workers organisations various European Countries
meet
faced problems
First International
IWA
London
1864
trade unionists
anarchists
Marxists
collective ownership
means production
trade unions
political parties
advocate workers' political rights
coordinate workers' action
1879
dissolved
various disagreements
Marxists
anarchists
Second international
Paris
1889
8-hour working day
1st May
protest workers' rights
social parties
not anarchists/trade unions
dissolved 1914
First World War
Marxism (socialism)
Karl Marx
class-struggle
oppressed proletariat
organise
struggle against oppresors
capitalist bourgeoisie
gain political power
communist economy
private property abolished
means production socialised
owned by state
proletariat
owners means of production
members of the society
state
control/plan/organise
how m.p be used
economic activity
collective
dictatorship working classes
achieved power
new social & political order
communist society
class-based society
disappear
everybody
same relationship m.p
society equal
withour classes
Comunist Society
Fridrich Engels
