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BIOLOGICAL AREA (Sperry (5 functions of the right hemisphere (Whole…
BIOLOGICAL AREA
Sperry
Aim
To investigate the effects of hemisphere deconnection and to show that each hemisphere has different functions.
11 participants of whom had undergone the disconnection of the hemispheres due to their history of advanced epilepsy that couldn't be controlled by medication.
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The stimuli was show for 1/10 seconds or less this was because it was too fast for the persons eye to move to allow information into the other half of the visual field.
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Tactile task procedure
Objects were placed in one of the subjects hands which were blocked from their view, so the info was only received by one hemisphere, they then had to find the object with either the same or opposite hand, usually from a grab bag.
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ecological validity
Low as the visual and tactile information is separated and this would not have happened in any real life situations.
Usefulness
This revealed facts about the functions between the 2 hemispheres that had only been suggested by previous research.
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Blakemore and Cooper
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Aim
Investigate the effect on kittens visual development in relation to the environment. Whether they are exposed to vertical stripes or horizontal stripes, the kittens could move freely.
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Procedure
Independent measures design. Blakemore and Cooper randomly allocated and raised 2 week old kittens in either horizontal or vertical striped environments for 5 hours a day for 5 months.
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DV
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The kittens were removed after 5 weeks of age they spent time in a well lit room containing chairs and tables
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Biological testing
7.5 month they tested individual neurons in the primary visual cortex of the kittens. To find how they responded to lines in terms of orientation and whether they were monocular or binocular.
Placing the cat under anaesthetics and presenting a bright light slits / edges of light while recording the neurons.
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Results
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They showed no startled responses to objects that moved quickly towards them this was because they could make the link between movement and vision
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quantitative data
75% of neurons in both cats were binocular as normal cat, however their sensitivities were different and abnormal.
No neurons had preferred orientation within 20 degrees of the opposite orientations of the lines in their rearing environment and only 12 were 45 degrees
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Maguire
aim
To investigate whether there was a difference in hippocampul volume between individuals who did, or did not, have extensive navigational experience.
Knowledge navigation- 320 routes and where they cross over, have to describe how to get from A to B in London
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Procedure
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controls:
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matching sample in terms of age, gender and handedness
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Conclusions
Plasticity
Refers to the brains ability to change in response to use. This study tells us that the brains of taxi drivers have the ability to grow as they gain more spatial memory of the 'knowledge'
Localisation
Refers to restriction of a particular brain function to a particular structure. This study tells us that the hippocampus is localised for spatial navigation memory.
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