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Political instability (1923-28 (Stability (Economic stability (Social…

- - - - Ersatzkaiser
      - Followed his duties well
      - DNVP
      - loyal to the constitution
      - However surrounded himself with DNVP not SPD
    - - 1924 Dawes Plan
        
        Rentenmark
        
        Loans
        
        Reparations arrangements
      - Locarno Pact 1925
      - Young Plan 1928
      - League of Nations
      - Treaty of Berlin
    - - Production reached 1913 levels
        
        Great methods of production
        
        Coal mining and steel manufacture
      - Increased foreign investment
      - Lower costs due to increasing number of cartels
      - Increase in exports
      - Increase in wages
      - Social welfare legislation
        
        Max working week = 48h
        
        benefits for widows and wounded
        
        Provisions for WC youthes
        
        Health pensions and insurance
        
        benefit scheme for the unemployed
  - - - longest Coalition lasted 21 months
      - 7 coalitions from 1923-28
      - Reasons for collapse inc. arguments over faith schools and flags
      - Going back to how they behaved under the Kaiser
      - Possible coalitions
        
        Right would collapse over FP
        
        Left would collapse over DP
    - - Relied on foreign investment
      - Loss of resources
        
        Alsace Lorraine
        
        lost 48% of iron ore
      - Tarriffs
      - Agriculture was not doing well
      - Uneven economic growth
      - Still high levels of unemployment
        
        never below 1.3 million
        
        not helped by 1 million increase in workers (baby boom)
      - too much public spending
- - - - Weakness of the KPD (especially after Red October)
      - 76% voted for pro-democratic parties
      - 19191 only 10.3% voted for DNVP
    - - Could have been much less successful
      - Began democracy in Germany
      - Ebert Groener agreement
      - Stinnes Legien agreement
      - Ebert
      - Bill of Rights
      - Supreme Court
  - - - PR
      - Article 48
      - President and Chancellor relationship
      - Survival of traditional institutions
    - - loss of land
        
        13% and 6.5 million people
      - November criminals
      - Article 231
      - Military weakness
      - Reperations
      - Anger
    - - 1919 Spartacist Uprising
      - Ruhr Uprising
      - Kapp Putsch 1920
      - Munich Beer Hall Putsch
      - Consul Organisation