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Eye and Endocrine System Ashley Haro p.4 (Major structures and functions…

- - - - Pituitary: These hormones help regulate the functions of other endocrine glands. Two parts anterior and posterior lobe. Controls the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ovaries and testes although not on its own.
        
        Thyroid: produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolic rate, heart, digestive function, muscle control, brain development, mood and bone maintenance. In order to function it has to have good supply of iodine through nutrition.
        
        parathyroid: produces a hormone called parathyroid which raises blood calcium level by breaking down the bone which causes the release of calcium.
        
        Testes: male gonads, produce sperm, secrete hormones like testosterone.
      - Ovaries: produce oocytes, reproductive hormones and estrogen as well as progesterone.
- - - - thyroid cancer: mass on neck (lump that can be felt, changes to your voice, difficulty swallowing, pain in your neck and throat, swollen lymph nodes in your neck.)
        
        Graves Disease:autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactive thyroid, immune system attacks the thyroid, makes more thyroid hormone than your body needs (anxiety, tremor of hands, heat sensitivity, weight loss, enlargement of your thyroid gland, change in menstruation cycles)
        
        hyperthyroidism:occurs when your thyroid gland produces too much of the hormone thyroxine, accelerate your body's metabolism, causing unintentional weight loss and a rapid or irregular heartbeat. (excessive sweating, heat intolerance, bowel movements, tremor, nervousness, agitation, anxiety, weight loss, rapid heart rate, palpitations and fatigue.)
        
        hypoparathyroidism: decreased secretion or activity of parathyroid hormone, decreased blood levels of calcium and increased levels of blood phosphorus(tingling, ache of muscles or cramps, twitching spasms, fatigue)
      - Addisons Disease: destruction or dysfunction of the entire adrenal cortex, affects glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid function. when 90% or more of both adrenal cortices are dysfunctional or destroyed.(darkening areas of skin, fatigue, weight loss, vomiting and abdominal pain, fainting, salt cravings, muscle/joint pain)
      - GH deficiency: not enough growth hormone, short height (anxiety, depression, baldness, decrease in sexual functions and interest, decrease muscle strength, lack of memory, dry thin skin, fatigue)
      - hyperparathyroidism: one or more of the parathyroid glands become overactive and secrete too much parathyroid hormone, levels of calcium in the blood to rise(fragile bones, kidney stones, excessive urination, abdominal pain, tired, weakness, complaints of illness with no cause)