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A 22-year old man who's a bodybuilder came into the hospital due to…

- - - - Because the patient wanted to increase muscle mass
        
        Except his testes ended up shrinking
        
        Testicular Atrophy might've occured
    - - They want to increease muscle mass
      - They are addicted
      - Short term physical effects
        
        Bigger muscles
  - - - The hormones are being released less
        
        LH and FSH are being released as much
        
        Which ulimately leads to less testorone being produced in the testes
        
        That might've caused the Testiscular Shrinkage
      - GnRH is decreased
  - - - The body is immune to the impact the anabolic steriods have
        
        Which leads to body allowing those steriods
- - - - Lipid Soluble
        
        Steriods
        
        Synthesized by cholesterol
        
        Produced within gonads
        
        Hormone
        
        Testosterone
        
        Synthesized by the Adrenal cortex
        
        Kidney
        
        Adrenal gland
        
        Hormones
        
        Cortisol
        
        Target Organ
        
        1 more item...
        
        Found in
        
        2 more items...
        
        Function
        
        2 more items...
        
        Testosterone
        
        Target Organs
        
        1 more item...
        
        Function
        
        2 more items...
        
        Aldosterone
        
        Target Organ
        
        1 more item...
        
        Function
        
        1 more item...
        
        Found in
        
        1 more item...
        
        Dehydroepiandrosterone
        
        Function
        
        2 more items...
        
        Target Organ
        
        1 more item...
        
        Corticosteriods/ Glucocorticoids
        
        Cortisol
        
        Mineralocorticoids
        
        Aldosterone
        
        Testosterone
      - Water Soluble
        
        Released directly into the blood
        
        transported to target cells
        
        Hormones
        
        Follicle Stimulating Hormone
        
        Target Organ
        
        Testis
        
        Function
        
        Control of sperm production in testes
        
        Lutenizing Hormone
        
        Target Organ
        
        Testis
        
        Function
        
        Controls testosterone synthesis within testes
        
        Insulin
        
        Target Organs
        
        Liver
        
        Adipose Connective Tissue
        
        Most body cells
        
        Beta Cells
        
        Function
        
        Decreases blood glucose levels
        
        Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
        
        Target Organ
        
        Thyroid gland
        
        Function
        
        Stimulates thyroid gland to release thyroid hormone
        
        They are not lipid soluble
        
        They can't diffuse through cell membrane
    - - Controlling digestive process
        
        Gastrin
        
        controls digestive process
        
        Increasing stomach contractions
      - Controlling reproductive activities
        
        Testosterone
        
        Stimulates sperm production
        
        Develops male secondary sex characteristics
      - Maintaining homeostatis of blood composition and volume
        
        Insulin
        
        Decreases blood glucose levels
        
        Glucagon
        
        Increases blood glucose levels
      - Controling development, growth, and metabolism
        
        Growth Hormone
        
        controls growth and metabolism
    - - Pineal Gland
        
        Melatonin
        
        helps control bodys circadian rhythem
      - Pituitary Gland
        
        Anterior Pituitary Gland
        
        Follicle Stimulating Hormone
        
        Luntenizing Hormone
        
        Growth Hormone
        
        Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
        
        Adernocorticotropic Hormone
        
        Posterior Pituitary Gland
        
        Antidiurectic Hormone
        
        Prevents dehydration
      - Parathyroid Gland
        
        Parathyroid Hormone
        
        Increases blood calcium levels
      - Adernal Gland
        
        Adernal Cortex
        
        Androgens
        
        Stimulates onset of puberty
        
        Cortisol
        
        Increase blood glucose levels
        
        Aldosterone
        
        allows retention of Na+ and release of K+
        
        Adernal Medulla
        
        Epinrpherine
        
        increase cardiac output
      - Thyroid Gland
        
        Calcitonin
        
        Decreases blood calcium levels
        
        T3/T4
        
        Increase metabolism
      - Hypothalamus
        
        Hypophyseal Portal System
        
        Regulating Hormones to Anterior Pituitary
        
        Hypothalamic Hypophyseal Tract
        
        Antidiuretic Hormone
        
        Prevents dehydration
        
        Oxytocin
        
        Release of milk
      - Testis
        
        Inhibin
        
        Inhibits release of FSH
        
        Testosterone
        
        Stimulates sperm production
      - Thymus
        
        T3
        
        T4
      - Pancreas
        
        Insulin
        
        Decrease blood glucose levels
        
        Glucagon
        
        Increase blood glucose levels
    - - It begins in the Hypothalamus
        
        Where GnRH is goes through the Hypophyseal Portal System
        
        Into the Anterior Pituitary
        
        Where the hormones
        
        LH and FSH are released
        
        Into the gonads basically the Testes
        
        1 more item...
    - - Positive feedback loops
        
        Usually keeps the system away from a homeostatic state
        
        Is not stable
      - Negative feedback loops
        
        Buffer changes
        
        Usually keep the system at a homeostatic state
        
        It is stable
    - - Up Regulation
        
        Increases the amount of receptors
      - Down Regulation
        
        Decreases the amount of receptors