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Atomic Structure (Electrons (Electrons surround the nucleus orbiting in…
Atomic Structure
Electrons
Electrons surround the nucleus orbiting in shells or energy levels
Electrons have a relative charge of -1
Electrons have a negligible mass ( relative mass= 1/1840 or around 0)
Number of protons in an atom = number of electrons
Protons
Protons are in the nucleus of an element
Protons have a relative charge charge of +1
Protons have a relative mass of 1
Number of protons in an atom = number of electrons
Neutrons
Neutrons are in the nucleus of an element
Neutrons are neutral (relative charge of 0)
Neutrons have a relative mass of 1
Atomic mass
Sum of the number of protons and number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Mass of neutrons = mass number- atomic number
Mass numbers must be whole numbers
Atomic number
Also called proton number
Number of protons in the nucleus
Unique to the element
Atoms of the same element have the same number of protons
Different elements have different atomic numbers and so different numbers of protons