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Endocrine System (Adrenal Cortex (Aldosterone (-targets kidney
-regulator…
Endocrine System
Adrenal Cortex
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Cortisol
-targets body cells
-cortisol promotes a rise in blood levels of glucose
-influences energy of cells
-helps body adapt to food intake and help maintain pressure
pituitary gland
posterior pituitary
produces two hormones
-Oxytocin
-stimulates labor, uterus contractions, and initiates milk ejection
TARGET : UTERUS AND BREAST
Antidiuretic
-(ADH) stimulates kidney forming cells to allow water to reabsorb from urine
TARGET : KIDNEYS
anterior pituitary
produces six hormones
-Growth hormone (GH)
stimulates somatic growth, mobilizes fats, spares glucose, growth-promoting effects
TARGET: BONES AND MUSCLES
-Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
TARGET; THYROID
-stimulates thyroid glands to release thyroid hormones
-Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
TARGET: ADRENAL CORTEX
-promotes release of glucocorticoids and androgens
-Prolactin (PRL)
-TARGET: MAMMARY GLANDS (BREASTS)
-promotes lactation
-Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
-TARGETS-ovaries and testes
-stimulates ovarian follicle in women
-produces sperm in males
-luteninizing hormone
-TARGETS- ovaries and testes
-in females it releases eggs produced
-and produces estrogens and progesterone
-stimulates sperm production in males
thyroid gland hormones
T3 and T4
-targets; every cell in the body
-increases metabolic rate and body heat production
-regulates tissue growth and development
-critical for normal skeletal and nervous system development
-maintains blood pressure
Calcitonin
-targets: skeleton
-has bone sparing effects
-stimulates Ca 2+ uptake
-targets where osteoblast activity is inhibited
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Endocrine glands
-produce hormones and lack ducts
-have rich vascular and lymphatic drainage
-hormone producing cells are arranged in cords or branching network
--Hypothalamus produces and releases hormones it is known as a endocrine organ
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-the Endocrine system influences metabolic activity
-Hormones: chemical messengers secreted by cells into extracellular fluids
-hormones produce widespread and diverse effects: target most cells of the body
-Endocrinology: scientific study of hormones and Endocrine organs
-job of the body's organ system to maintain homeostasis
-homeostatic control systems
- Receptor
- Control center
- Effector
HOMEOSTASIS
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Positive feedback
-amplifies a physiological response to achieve a specific
result
-ends when a natural resolution is reached
Examples: lactation, labor, fever, and blood clotting
-unstable