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Immune disorders: Lecture 6 (Immunodeficiency (primary type (results from…
Immune disorders: Lecture 6
Blood Cell Autoimmune dis.
hemolytic anemia
produce antibodies against rbc's
speeds up destruction so its severe
cause unknwown
some cases follow a viral infection or when put on certain drugs
both cases alter the surface of red blood cells
Endocrine diseases
develop against cells in thyroid and pancreas
cause destruction of gland
give hormone deficiency
Type 1 diabetes
attack islets and lose ability to make insulin
exact trigger is unknown;some viral infections
some pts are predisposed and if known by doctor will give an immunosuppressive drug to delay onset
Grave's Disease
lead to stimulation of hormone being produced and don't stop
autoimmune against thyroid gland
cause can be predisposed or by a viral infection or by genetic
excessive production of thyroid hormone and growth of gland
have goiter, protruding eyes, tired, lose weight, and rapid heart rate
treat with antithyroid medicine or radioactive iodine; or remove or kill of thyroid
Nervous System Diseases
multiple sclerosis
cause unknown
suggest response on bacterium and virus mistakenly attack own T-cells to destroy myelin sheath
deficits in vision, speech, and neuromuscular destruction
can have a period of remission and then can come back
a progressive and paralytic disese and can be fatal
rheumatoid arthritis
affects connective tissue
Immunodeficiency
during emotional and physical stress you get sick more
stress decreases stability of immune system
chronic stress and defects can make you become even more sick from opportunistic pathogens
hallmark disorder
when you have a defected mechanism
primary type
results from genetic or developmental defect
in infants and young children
acquired type
develop because of some recognized cause, malnutrition, severe stress, or other infection disease
not born with it but developed later in life
Primary diseases
Chronic Granulomatous disease
child has recurrent infection b/c phagocytes are not able to destroy bacteria
SID
child does not make T-cells or B cells
can't build an immune response and have no resistance
can get sick easily and die rapidly
DiGeorge syndrome
T-cell deficiencies alone
thymus does not develop means no t cells
thymus goes away after puberty
child dies of a viral infection and still resist bacteria
treat with a thymic stem cell transplant
Bruton type
lack B cells and immunoglobulins
mostly in boys
inherited
experience bacterial infection commonly and resist viral, fungal, and protozoan infections