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Ethnobotany: Plants and People (Plants that provide drugs (Toxic Plants…
Ethnobotany: Plants and People
Concepts
Ethnobotany
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Scientific study of relationships
between plants and people
Fertile Crescent
A region that stretches from southeastern Turkey to western Afghanistan
Plants that provide Fibers, Wood, and Chemicals
Wood
Engineered Woods
Woods produced by gluing small pieces of wood together
to make anew type of wood
Old Growth Forests
Forest that have never been logged
Artisan Woods
Wood that is valued for the beauty of the wood
Chemicals
Drying Oils
Carbon-Carbon double bond
Forms a thin polymeric protective water-resistant film
Waxes
Resins
Rubber
Fibers
Hard Fibers
Extracted from leaves
Wood Fibers
Derived from wood
Bast Fibers
Occur in Phloem, Cortex, and Bark
Extraxylary Fibers
Single-cell fibers that occur anywhere
except in xylem hardwood trees
Xylary Fibers
Single-cell fibers that occur in Xylem hardwood trees
Food Plants
Plants that supply Proteins, Oils, and Vitamins
Complete Protein
A protein source that has all 20 amino acids
Legume
Beans, Peas, Lentils, peanuts, chickpeas, and many other foods
Incomplete Protein
A protein source that is low in one or more of 20 amino acids
Complementary Protein
One has larger amounts of the amino acids that other lacks
Antioxidants
Protect cells from dangerous oxygen free radicals
produced by photosynthesis
Plants that provide flavors: Herbs and Spices
Plants that supply Carbohydrates
Gluten
Contains significant amounts of the elastic protein
Bran
The seed coat and fruit wall together of each caryopsis
Glycemic Index
Based on the body's reaction to pure glucose, which is set at 100
Cereal Grains
Small fruits of grasses, each with one seed
Example: Wheat, Rice, Corn, Oats, Rye, and Barley
Genetically modified organism (GMO)
Plants that provide drugs
Plants that can be ingested
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Coffee
Coffea arabica
Tea
Camellia sinensis
Phenols
Toxic Plants that can not be ingested
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Death camus
Zigadenus sp.
Wolfbane
Interferes with sodium metabolism in heart
Aconitine
Suicide Tree
Cerbera odollum
Devil's trumpet
Atropine
Rapid heart rate, hallucinations, seizures, and usually death
Poison Ivy
Toxicodendron radicans
Strychnine Tree
Disrupts chloride ions in nerve cells
Strychnos nux-vomica
Strychnine
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
Psychoactive Substance also known as marijuana
Dioecious
Cannabis sativa
Plants that can be harmful to ingest
Opium
Morphine and codeine
Papaver somniferum
Latex from young fruits
Ancient Crop
Cocaine
Amplifies dopamine neurotransmitters
Erythoxylum novogranatense
Tobacco
Nicotine
Nicotiana tabacum
Ethnobotany is part of the relationship where plants can be ingested
Ethnobotany is intertwined with drugs people use
Ethnobotany is part of all types of plants that are in relationship with humans
Wood should not be ingested
