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Chapter 3 (Vocabulary (Culture: The language, values, beliefs, traditions,…
Chapter 3
Vocabulary
Culture: The language, values, beliefs, traditions, and customs people share and learn.
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Individualistic Culture: A culture in which members focus on the value and welfare of individual members, as opposed to a concern for the group as a whole.
Collectivistic Culture: A culture in which members focus on the welfare of the group as a whole, rather than a concern by individuals for their own success.
Low-context Culture: A culture that uses language primarily to express thoughts, feelings, and ideas as directly as possible.
High-context Culture: A culture that relies heavily on subtle, often nonverbal cues to maintain social harmony.
Uncertainty Avoidance: The cultural tendency to seek stability and honor tradition instead of welcoming risk, uncertainty, and change.
Power Distance: The degree to which members of a group are willing to accept a difference in power and status.
Race: A construct originally created to explain differences between people whose ancestors originated in different regions of the world - Africa, Asia, Europe, and so on.
Ethnicity: A social construct that refers to the degree to which a person identifies with a particular group, usually on the basis of nationality, culture, religion, or some other unifying perspective.
Intersectionality: The idea that people are influenced in unique ways by the complex overlap and interactions of multiple identities.
Organizational Culture: A relatively stable, shared set of rules about how to behave and a set of values about what is important.
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Key Ideas
"Despite stereotypes, 'different than' doesn't have to mean 'less than'".
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"Gender identity is far more diverse than gay or straight, male or female".
Spending more time with people of different cultural backgrounds than you helps increase your intercultural communication competence.
Acknowledging the fact that when communicating with people of different cultural backgrounds, your ideas, morals, customs, and/or language may clash or be confusing for one another will increase your intercultural communication competence.
Personal Connections
Since I am from a younger generation, I often find that my beliefs and values are different from those of people from older generations.
I've never travelled out of the country but when I visited the south for the first time, I noticed that the people there are more hospitable and address everyone in a more formal way.
When I was on the cheer team in high school, we focused more on the success of the group as a whole rather than on our own personal successes. This is an example of a collectivistic culture.
Sometimes it feels as if I am being judged because I am fairly quiet, but if there is nothing to say, I'm not going to say anything at all, especially if it isn't productive to the conversation.
I am not very religious myself but I have found that it is very important to be respectful of other's beliefs, even if they may be different from your own.
I have definitely noticed that as a teen, there is huge pressure for me to establish my identity and prove myself.
Examples from the Text
A husband and wife come from different religious backgrounds. When meeting or getting together with members of each other's families, their backgrounds become more salient.
A student from China gets upset when his roommate from America eats his food. Instead of bringing up his frustration to his roomate, the student from China chooses to hide his food so his roomate can't eat it anymore. This is an example of high cultural context.
People from Western cultures tend to view speaking as desirable or productive whereas people from Asian cultures see people that talk a lot as a "show off" or a "fake". This is a good example of power distance.
CNN host Anderson Cooper avoided telling the public he was gay for years because he felt that it was private information and that it could put himself or others in danger. He soon realized that hiding this part of himself would be disingenuous because it's not something to be ashamed of.
At various times in the show "Jane the Virgin", different parts of Jane's identity (smart, middle class, religious, Latina) are more and less salient.