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The Marketing Mix : Price (Main Methods of Pricing (Cost Plus Pricing…
The Marketing Mix : Price
Pricing Strategies
Reasons
increase its market share
increase its profit
break into new market
make sure all its costs are covered
and a target profit is earned
Main Methods of Pricing
Cost Plus Pricing
Advantages:
estimating how many will be produced
calculating total cost or production
each product earns a different profit for the business
Disadvantages
business could lose sales
total profit will only be made if sufficient units is sold
no incentive to reduce costs
Competitive Pricing
Advantages
sales are likely to be high
avoids price competition
often used when it is difficult for consumers to differentiate between other businesses
Disadvantages
if cost of production is higher then competitive pricing could lead to losses
a higher quality product might need to be sold at a higher price point
detailed research would be needed - costs time and money
Penetration Pricing
Advantages
often used for newly launched products > impact
ensure that sales are made and products enters new market successfully
market share could be build up quickly
Disadvantages
sold at a low price >> profit per unit may be low
customers might 'get used' to low prices >> decline if business raises price
might not be appropriate for branded product with reputation for quality
Promotional Pricing
Advantages
get rid of unwanted inventory (doesn't sell)
help renew interest
Disadvantages
low revenue
might lead to price competition
Impact of Psychology
very high price for high quality product --> high income customers purchase (status symbol)
price for product below a whole number --> cheap
supermarkets may charge low prices for regularly bought products --> impression of good value
repeat sales (price reinforce customers' perception)
Dynamic Pricing
charged prices according to their ability to pay
e.g. online
Price Elasticity of Demand
Price Elastic Demand
sensitive to price changes
Price inelastic demand
not sensitive to price changes