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Chemistry (Part 1 (Pblock (Group 16 elements (occurence, e.c, atomic…

- - - - Importance of chem
      - Nature of matter
        
        states of matter
        
        Classificatin of matter
      - Properties of matter and their measurement
        
        Physical and chem prop
        
        measurement of physcal prop.
        
        SI units
        
        mass and weight
        
        volume
        
        Density
        
        temperaure
      - Uncertainty in measurement
        
        Scientific notation
        
        Significant figures
        
        dimensional analysis
      - Laws of chem combi
        
        Conservation of mass
        
        law of definite proportion
        
        law of multiple proportion
        
        Gay lussacs
        
        avogadro's law
      - Daltons atomic theory
      - atomic and molecular masses
        
        atomic mass
        
        avg atomic mass
        
        molecular mass
        
        formula mss
      - mole concept and molar masses
      - percentage comp
        
        empirical formula for molecular formula
      - Stoichiometry and related calculations
        
        limiting reagent
        
        reactions in solutions
        
        mass per cent
        
        mole fraction
        
        molarity
        
        Molality
    - - Discovery of sub atomic particles
        
        electrons
        
        charge to mass ratio
        
        charge on electron
        
        discovery of protons and neutrons
      - atomic models
        
        Thomson model of atom
        
        rutherfords
        
        atomic nos and mass number
        
        isobars and isotopes
        
        Drawback of rutherfords
      - development leading to bohrs model of atom
        
        wave nature of em waves
        
        particle naturePlanks quantum theory
        
        photoelectric effect
        
        Dual behaviour of em radiation
        
        Evidence quantasized energy level atomic spectra
      - bohrs model
        
        explanation
        
        limitations of bohr's model
      - quantum mechanical model
        
        dual behaviour of matter
        
        heisenberg's uncertainity
      - quantum mechanical model of atom
        
        orbitals and quantum nos
        
        Shapes of atomic orbitals
        
        energies of orbitals
        
        filling of orbitals in atom
        
        aufbau principle
        
        pauli exclusive
        
        hunds rule
        
        electronic configuration of atoms
        
        stability of completely filled and half filled
    - - why do we need to classify
      - genesis of periodic table
      - Modern periodic law
      - Nomenclature
      - e.c of elements and the periodic table
      - e.c and types of elements
        
        s block
        
        p block
        
        d block
        
        f block
        
        metals,nonmetals, metalloids
      - Periodic trends in properties of elements
        
        Trends in physical prop
        
        trends in chemical properties
        
        periodic trends and chemical reactivity
    - - Kossel lewis approach to chemical bonding
        
        octet rule
        
        covalent bond
        
        lewis repre
        
        formal charge
        
        limitations of octet rule
      - Ionic or electrovalent bond
        
        lattice enthalpy
      - Bond parametres
        
        bond lenght
        
        bond angle
        
        bond enthalpy
        
        bond order
        
        resonance structure
        
        polarity o f bonds
      - vsepr
      - VBT
        
        orbital overlap concept
        
        Directional prop of bonds
        
        overlapping of atomic orbitals
        
        types of overlapping and nature of covalent bonds
        
        strength of sigma and pi bond
      - Hybridization
        
        types of hybridization
        
        other types of sp2,sp3 and sp hybridization
        
        hybridization of elements involving d orbital
      - MOT
        
        LCAO
        
        conditions
        
        types of MO
        
        energy level diagram
        
        e.c and molecular behavior
      - bonding in homonuclear diatomic molecules
      - Hydrogen bonding
        
        cause
        
        types of Hbonds
    - - Intermolecular forces
        
        dispersion/London forces
        
        Dipole-dipole foces
        
        dipole induced forces
      - thermal energy
      - intermolecular vs thermal interactions
      - gaseous state
      - gas laws
        
        boyles law
        
        Charle's law
        
        gay lusac's law
        
        avogadro's law
      - Ideal gas equation
        
        density and molar mass
        
        daltons law of partial pressure
      - kinetic energy and molecular speeds
      - Kinetic molecular theory of gases
      - behaviour of real gas
      - Liquification of gases
      - liquid state
        
        vapour pressure
        
        surface tension
        
        viscosity
    - - Terms
        
        System and surrounding
        
        types of system
        
        state of system
        
        internal energy as a state function
      - Appications
        
        Work
        
        Enthalpy
      - Measurement, calorimenter
      - Enthalpy change
      - Enthalpies of different typesof reactins
      - Spontaniety
      - Gibbs energy change
    - - Equilibrium in physical processes
        
        solid liquid equilibrium
        
        liquid vapor equili
        
        solid vapour equilibrium
        
        Involving dissolution of solid
        
        general chareacteristics
      - Equilibrium in chemical process
      - Law of chemical equilibrium
      - homogeneous equilbrium
        
        Equilibrium constant in gaseous systems
      - heterogeneous equilbrium
      - applications of equilibrium
        
        Predicting the extent of a reaction
        
        Predicting the direction of rection
        
        Calculating equilibrium concentrations
      - Relationship between equilibrium constant K and reaction quotient Q and gibbs energy
      - Factors affecting equilibria
        
        Effect of concentration
        
        Effect of pressure change
        
        effect of inert gas addition
        
        effect of temp change
        
        effect f catalyst
      - Ionic equilibrium
      - acids bases and salts
        
        arrhenius concept of acids and bases
        
        Bronsted-lowry acids and bases
        
        lewis acids and bases
      - Ionization of acids and bases
        
        ionization
        
        ionization constant of water
        
        pH scale
        
        Ionization constants of weak acids
        
        Ionization of weak bases
        
        Relation between Ka and Kb
        
        Di and polubasic acids/bases
        
        factors affecting acid strenght
        
        common ion effect
        
        hydrolysis of salts and pH of their solutions
        
        Buffer solution
        
        Designing buffer solution
        
        solublity equilibria o sparingly soluble salt
        
        Solubility product constant
        
        Common ion effect on solublity of ionic salts
  - - - Classical idea of redox reactions
      - Redox reactions in terms of electron transfer reactions
      - Oxidation number
        
        types of redox reactions
        
        Balancing redox reactions
        
        redox reactions as the basis of titration
        
        limitations of concept of oxidation number
      - Redox reaction and electrode processes
    - - Position of hydrogen in perodic table
      - dihydrogen
        
        Occurence
        
        Isotopes of hydrogen
      - Preparation of h2
        
        Lab
        
        Commercial
      - Properties of dihydrogen
        
        physical properties
        
        Chem prop
        
        uses ofdihydrogen
      - Hydrides
        
        Ionic or saline hydrides
        
        Covalent or molecular hydride
        
        Metallic hydrides
      - Water
        
        Physical properties of water
        
        Structure of water
        
        Structure of ice
        
        Chem properties
        
        Hard and soft water
        
        Temporary hardness
        
        Permanent
      - Hydrogen peroxide
        
        Preparation
        
        Physical properties
        
        Structure
        
        chem properties
        
        storage
        
        uses
      - Heavy water
      - Dihydrogen as fuel
    - - Group 1 elements
        
        E.C
        
        Atomic radi
        
        I.E
        
        Hydration enthalpy
        
        Physical properties
        
        chem prop
        
        Uses
      - General charectaristic of compounds
        
        Oxides and hydroxides
        
        Halides
        
        salts of Oxo-Acids
      - Anamalous prop
        
        Difference between lithium and alkai
        
        similarity between lithium and magnesium
      - Important compounds of sodiums
      - Group 2 elements
        
        E>C
        
        AR
        
        I.E
        
        H.E
        
        Physical properties
        
        Chemical properties
        
        Uses
      - General charectaristics of compounds of alkaline
      - anamalous behaviour of berrylium
      - Compounds of calcium
      - Biological importance of Mg and Ca
    - - Classfication
      - Alkanes
        
        Nomenclature and isomerism
        
        Prep
        
        Properties
        
        Physcical
        
        Chemical properties
        
        Conformations
        
        Sawhorse
        
        newman projections
      - Alkenes
        
        Structure of double bond
        
        Nomenclature
        
        isomerism
        
        Preparation
        
        Properties
        
        Physical
        
        Chemical
      - Alkynes
        
        Nomenclature
        
        structure of triple bond
        
        preparation
        
        Properties
      - Aromatic hydrocarbon
        
        Nomenclature
        
        Structure of benzene
        
        aromacity
        
        preparation of benzene
        
        Properties
        
        Directive influence of functional group in mon
      - Carcinogenicity and toxicity
    - - envt Pollution
      - atm pollution
        
        Tropospheric pollution
        
        Stratospheric pollution
      - Water pollution
        
        causes
        
        internatinal standars
      - Soil pollution
        
        Pesticides
      - Industrial waste
      - Strategies to control
      - green chemistry
        
        Day to day
        
        Dry cleaning
        
        Bleaching of paper
        
        synthesis of chemicals
  - - - E>C
      - Atomic radii
      - Ionisation enthallpy
      - Electronegativity
      - Chem Properties
      - Physcal properties
    - - Borax"orthoboric
      - diborane
    - - E>C
      - Cvalent radius
      - I.E
      - covalent radius
      - Physical Prop
      - Chem Prop
    - - diamond
      - graphite
      - fullerenes
      - uses
    - - Carbon monoxide
      - Carbon dioxide
      - silicon dioxide
      - siliconesz
      - siliconates
      - silicates
      - Zeolites
  - - - Shapes of carbon
      - charecteristic feature of pi bond
    - - 2 dimensional
      - 3 dimentional
    - - IUPAC
      - Of alkanes
      - of functional group
      - benzene compounds
    - - Structural isomerism
      - steroisomerism
    - - Fission of a covalent bond
      - Nucleophiles and electrophiles
      - electron movement
      - electron displacement effects
      - inductive effects
      - resonance structure
      - Resonance effect
      - Electromeric effect
      - Hyperconjugation
      - Types of organic reactions and mechanism
    - - Sublimation
      - crystallisation
      - Distillation
      - differential extraction
      - Chromatography
    - - Detection of carbon and hydrogen
      - detection of other elements
    - - Carbon and hydrogen
      - Nitrogen
      - Halogens
      - Sulphur
      - Phosphorus
      - Oxygen
- - - - Molecular
      - ionic
      - metalling
      - network
    - - Primitive and centred unit cells
    - - Primitive cubic unit cell
      - Body centred
      - face centered
    - - Formula of a compound and nos of voids filled
    - - tyes of point decets
    - - Conduction of electricityin metals
      - Conduction of electricity in semi conductor
  - - - solubility of solid in ln a liquid
      - Solubility of gas in liquid
    - - vp of liquid-liquid soln
      - Raoult's law as a special case of henry's law
      - vapour pressure of solutions of solid in liquids
    - - ideal solutions
      - No ideal solution
    - - Relative lowering of vapour pressure
      - Elevation of bp
      - depression of freezing point
      - Osmosics
      - Reverse osmosis
  - - - measurement of electrode potencial
    - - Equilibrium constant from nernst equation
      - electro chemical cell and gibbs energy of reaction
    - - measurement of consuctivity of ionic solutions
      - variation of conductivity and molar conductivity with concentration.
    - - Prodects of electrolysis
    - - primary
      - secondary
  - - - dependence of rate on conc
      - rate expression and rate constant}
      - Order of a reaction
      - Molecularity
      - integrated rate equations
        
        Zero order reactions
        
        first order reactions
        
        half life
      - Temp dependence of the rate of reaction
        
        effect of catalyt
  - - - diff bw adsorption and absorption
      - mechanism of adsorption
      - types of adsorption
      - adsorption isotherms
      - adsorption from solutions phase
      - app of adsorption
    - - Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis
      - adsoption theoru
      - shape selective
      - enzyme catalysis
      - catlysts in industries
    - - Classificatin of colloids
        
        Classification based on nature of interaction between dispersed phase and dispersed medium
      - Preparation of colloids
      - type of partic of the disphersd phase multimolecular
      - based on physical state of dispersed phase and dispersion medium
      - Purification of colloids
      - Properties of colloidal solutions
      - emulsions
      - colloids around us
  - - - Hydraulic washing
      - magnetic separation
      - froth frothation
      - leaching
    - - applications
  - - - occurences
      - E.C
      - Atomic radius
      - I.E
      - electronegatiity
      - physical prop
      - Chem prp
    - - occurence
      - e.c
      - atomic radius
      - I.E
      - electron gain enthalpy
      - electronegativity
      - Physical properties
      - chemical properties
      - Dioxgen
      - SImple oxides
      - ozone
      - sulpher allotropic forms
      - sulphur dioxide
      - oxacids of sulphur
      - sulphurc acid
    - - Occurence|
      - E.C
      - Atomic radius
      - I.E
      - Electron gain enthalpy
      - electronegativity
      - physical proper
      - chemical properties
      - Chlorine
      - HCl
      - Oxacids of halogens
      - inter halogen compounds
    - - occurence
      - E.C
      - I.E
      - atomic radius
      - electron gain enthalpy
  - - - variation in atomic and ionic sizes
      - Ionisation enthalpies
      - oxidation states
      - trends in standard electrode potencialsM3+
      - trends in standard electrode potencialsM2+
      - trends in stabilityof higher oxidation states
      - Chemical reactivity and E values
      - Magnetic properties
      - formation of coloured ions
      - formation of complex compounds
      - catalytic properties
      - formation of intersetitial compounds
      - alloy formation
    - - oxides and oxanions of metals
    - - E.C
      - Atomic and ionic sizes
      - oxidation states
      - general charecteristics
    - - E.C
      - ionic sizes
      - oxidation states
      - general characteristics and comparison of lanthanoids
  - - - formulas of mononuclear coordination entities
      - naming of mononuclear cordination compounds
    - - geometrical isomerism
      - optical isomerism
      - linkage isomerism
      - coordination isomersim
      - ionisation isomerism
      - solvate isomerism
    - - valence bond theory
      - magnetic properties
      - limitations
      - crystal field theory
      - colour in cc
      - limita of CFC
- - - - Preparation of alcohols
        
        Prep
      - preparation of phenols
      - Physical properties
      - chemical properties
    - - prep of ethers
      - physical prop
      - chem reactions
      - |
- - - - Polythene
      - teflon
      - Polyacrylonitrile