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Politics in 17th-early 18th Century (France: (Henry IV had the nobility…
Politics in 17th-early 18th Century
There were 2 types of monarchies:
Absolute: monarchs had greater control over nobles and the economy, politics, and religion
Parliamentary: monarchs had less authority over nobles and they were often limited in power
France:
Louis XIV replaced his high nobles with his friends/ministers
Edict of Fontainbleau removed Protestant schools and Huguenot churches
Colbert tried to get more money
Louis' wars put France in heavy debt
Louis got Stratsbourg, part of HRE
After Louis, nobles couldn't do anything
France:
Henry IV had the nobility supervised and stopped abuses of sales
Duke of Sully (Finance minister) made a monopoly of gunpowder, mines, salt
Royal corvee (tax paying for workers)
Canal system Atlantic - Mediterranean
Louis XIII became king after Henry IV - Mom had arranged marriage and promoted Richelieu
Richleieu imprisoned nobles, ruled out Protestantism, conquered Huguenot cities
Mazarin was trained by Richelieu, and was allowed to dominate the government (by Anne of Austria)
People disliked Mazarin
First Fronde: Nobles of the Fronde started in Paris, compromised ended
Second Fronde: Nobles of the Sword (medieval swords) were interested in overthrowing Mazarin to secure their positions and increase their own power, bu they started to fight each other instead of Mazarin
England:
James II was killed when attacking Scotland
Robert Walpole took helm of the government (1715)
Extended trade, collected money, political life became a model
Affected North America