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CH.17 BLOOD (procedures (complete blood count (HGB: mass hemoglobin in vol…

- - - - blood doping: artificial inducing polycythemia by take testosterone, EPO, or high-packed RBC
      - anemia: blood disorders charac by body failure to supply tissues w/ O2
  - - - intrinsic pathway: vascular damage w/ collagen exposure
      - extrinsic pathway: vascular damage w/ sub-endothelial cells exposed to blood
    - - anticoagulant pathway (prevent clotting)
      - fibrinolysis (break down clots)
- - - - helps blood function as temp buffer by absorb heat
    - - albumin 60%: osmotic pressure + carrier mlcl for transport
      - globulins: carrier mlcl to transport immunoglobulins (antibodies) & other globulins
      - fibrinogen: clotting
      - regulatory proteins: enzymes, hormones
  - - - Granulocytes:
        Neutrophils: large and polymorphonuclear + stain light purple + kill bacteria + granules w/ hydrolytic enzymes, defensins, lysozyme
        Eosinophils: large w/ bi-lobed nuclei + stain red + secrete 4 cationic proteins + combat parasites + allergies/asthma
        Basophils: bi-lobed nuclei + stain blue + granules w/ histamine, serotonin, heparin, prostaglandins + support role in infection + allergies/anaphylaxis
        Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas
      - -nucleated w/ organelles
        -no hb
        -amoeboid motion from chemotaxis
        -margination = form transient bonds to blood vessels using adhesion receptors
        -diapedesis = can slip btw endothelial cells
      - Agranulocytes:
        Lymphocytes: smallest leukocyte w/ single nucleus + stain dark blue and purple + B lymphocytes for make antibodies + T lymphocytes for defend against abnormal cancer or virus cells
        Monocytes: largest leukocyte + U-shape nucleus + stain blue and purple + exit circulation into macrophages that engulf foreigners through phagocytosis
    - - iron from RBC carefully recycled
        
        fate of heme: heme converted to biliverdin -> bilirubin -> transported through plasma to liver & incorporated into bile -> in intestine, bilirubin converted to stercobilin & incorporated to feces
        
        fate of iron: iron bound to transferrin then transported to bone marrow for erythropoiesis