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Indian Classical (Raga) (Instruments (Sitar (Guitar like instrument, with…
Indian Classical (Raga)
Over 2000 Years Old
Associated with Hindu Religion
Ceremonies
Weddings
Pure Entertainment
Melody and Rhythm
Raga
Name of general scales
Exist in both ascending and descending forms
Different Ragas can sound very different
Includes Microtones
An interval smaller than a western semitone.
Different Ragas are used for different occasions
Example
Raga Khamaj
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMcLvbNGJ_E
Includes notes, C,E,F,G,A,B,C when ascending, and C,B,,A,G,F,E,D,C when descending
Gamakas (ornamentation)
Ornamentation and sliding between notes, similar to glissando
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIPraIlSmIk
Tala
Rhythmic Patterns played by the Tabla
Odd meters
Also used for improvisation
https://www.darbar.org/article/what-is-taal-or-tala-beyond-just-rhythm-or-providing-a-beat/39
Instruments
Sitar
Guitar like instrument, with 7 main strings and several sympathetic strings. Includes a small body and long neck. The sitar produces twangy sound and improvises across the raga scale.
Tabla
Pair of single headed drums played by hands or fingers. They play and improvise on the tala rhythm.
Drone
Played by Tambura or Shruti Box
Plays the two three principal notes of the raga
Tambura
Smaller plucked string instrument with 4 strings. Played in vertical position and plays the drone.
Sarangi
Played with a bow and capable of a wide range of vibrato and sliding effects. The sarangi is also closely associated with Indian vocal music
Sarod
Plucked string instrument but has no frets
Sections
Alap
Notes of raga are slowly introduced one by one, with no fixed rhythm or tempo, sitar and tambura play during this section.
Jor
Regular pulse added to alap
Gat
Tabla enters, improvising on tala rhythm, sitar improvises as well (on the raga scale)
Jhalla
Tempo increases, rhythms get more complex
Creates exciting finish
Bhangra
Lively folk dance originating from the Punjab region on the border between India and Pakistan
The main element in Bhangra is the dotted, shuffle-like rhythm of the of the
dhol
Dhol: A large double-headed drum played with wooden sticks.
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