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BIRMINGHAM - Structural Economic Change CASE STUDY (Economic Change:…
BIRMINGHAM
-
Structural Economic Change
CASE STUDY
Economic Change:
Deindustrialisation
Global recession of 1970s, 1973 oil crisis - Israeli war led to rising oil prices
Birmingham's industry suffered as they could not compete with overseas competition e.g Japanese car makers- Peugeot and Renault
Frequent strikes in 70s made B'ham less attractive to potential investors
Slum clearance destroyed many small industrial properties , new builds were unaffordable for start-ups
IMPACTS
less money created and less investment in the area
unemployment
cycle of decline
family breakdowns and addiction problems
Post- Deindustrialisation Characteristics
industrial decline and decay:
abandoned and dilapidated areas
unemployment
graffiti, vandalism and litter
History
Industrial background since 5th Century
1700s - Soho Manufactory
Austin Car Plant and Dunlop Tyres in 19th/20th Centruy
Economic Change:
Regeneration
Local Government
Promoted city region, attracting inward investment for construction of
National Exhibition Centre
(NEC) and expansion of
Birmingham International Airport
(BIA)
NEC = 10,000 jobs
East side rebranded as a
'learning and technology'
quarter
universities
EU
EU Social Investment Fund
2014-2020, to improve social housing and premises for SMEs, £235m
National Government :explode:
City Challenge and Single Regeneration Budget Schemes
- funding for redevelopment
1999
New Deal for Communitites
(NDCs) - broadband access and work experience
Helped 39 NDC areas covering, health & regeneration, employment & business, education & lifelong learning
most effective for long-term change, positive upward spiral of investment
Canal and River Trust
In 2010 the charity regenerated
Gas St. Basin
and
Brindley Place
John Lewis
Grand Central
shopping centre
created 1000 jobs, estimated 50m visitors per yr
excitement and novelty may wear off, short-term boom
Universities
50,000 Students, youthful profile, brings wealth, big market
HS2
£20bn high speed rail link between B'ham and London
IMPACTS
Job creation
social cohesion, improved living environment
encourages further investment
more tourism, inputs to economy
high speed rail, access to further jobs in London and its associated wealth