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Adaptive Immunity: Lecture 1 (Lymphocytes (disorders (hypersensitivities,…
Adaptive Immunity: Lecture 1
definition: targets and destroys specific pathogen while adapting to be more effective process
the vertebrae have the ability to recognize the defense against distinct invaders and products
The attributes
Specificity
any particular response acts against a specific antigen and not others
involves more generalized response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns and shapes
Ex: acts against E.coli strain without harming beneficial human microbes
inducibility
special antigen contains pathogen activation or induces cells of adaptive immunity
Clonality
cells of immunity will proliferate to form many generations of closely identical cells called clones
Unresponsiveness to self
the immunity does not act against normal body cells and are self tolerant
the mechanisms will help ensure response is proper and does not attack itself
memory
has memory for specific pathogen adapts faster and more effective to specific type or toxin
Lymphocytes
small and act against infection, wbc
in humans form in red bone marrow at end of bone
contain blood stem cells and rise to all types
bone marrow transplant can restore whole system
have two types: B and T
the surface is recognized by toxin, pathogen or molecular shape
B cells go to red bone marrow and don't mature there
play a role in communication cells
T cells travel to and mature in thymus located in the chest
they fight specific pathogens as long as they live
both cell-mediated and antibody responses stimulate and regulate innate immunity as well as direct specific path that inherited it
cell mediated is controlled by and carried by T cells and act against intracellular pathogen
B cells carry out antibody response and play a roll in regulating and fulfilling response
often directed against extracellular pathogens and toxins
antibody
protective protein secreted by descendants of a B cell that recognizes specific biochemical shape of the antigen
both B and T cell reactions can have potential to be severe and fatal attack on body's own cells
disorders
hypersensitivities
immunodeficiency