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Chapter 11 (Types Of Respiration (Pentose Phosphate Pathway # (Involves…
Chapter 11
Types Of Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration- does not require oxygen
Obligate Anaerobes- Bacteria that carry out anaerobic respiration exclusively
Aerobic Respiration-Requires Oxygen
Glycolysis- breaks down glucose during anaerobic respiration
Citric Acid Cycle- releases stored energy into forms of ATP and CO2
Heat Generating Respiration
Heat loss is an important part of respiration
Thermogenic Respiration
Metabolism that functions rarely to help plants survive stress conditions.
Pentose Phosphate Pathway
#
Involves several intermediates that are phosphorylated five- carbon sugars.
The reactants are the same in glycolysis
Respiration of Lipids
Tissues and Oily seeds store large amounts of lipids.
Total Energy yield of respiration
During anaerobic Glycolysis four molecules of the ATP are synthesized
The Pentose Phosphate Pathway yields only two NADPH per glucose-6-phosate
Amount of ATP produced by fatty acid respiration depends on length
Fermentation on Alcoholic Beverages
Beer
Hops are dried inflorescences of a tall vining plant.
fermenting starchy cereal grains
Fermenting barley
Fermenting Wheat
Fermenting Corn
Fermenting Rice
Wine
Fermented fruit juices
Rich in sugars
first produced around 6000 BCE
Global Climate change could effect vineyards drastically
Warnings
Fermentation of plant material produces ethyl alcohol
Drinking ethanol has both beneficial and harmful consequences
Effects of ethanol on us depends on how much we drink and our size.
Environmental Factors
Temperature
Greatly influences respiration in a plant growing under natural conditions
Lack of Oxygen
does not cause variations in respiration
Internal regulation
Respiration remains steady or increases gradually just before the fruit is mature
Fermentation
Another Name
Chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria
Krebs Cycle
Same Process
Strict Aerobes
Animal and Plants must have Oxygen
