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CONTEMPORARY POLAND AND SOCIETY (ELECTIONS (1995 - Aleksander Kwaśniewski,…

- - - - Political pluralism, freedom of political activity, protection of property
- - - - UK
      - Italy
      - Freance
      - Irleand
      - Germany
  - - - Ukraine-1
      - Germany- 2
      - Belsrus- 3
      - Russia- 4
      - Vietnam-5
    - - 1st-20-39
      - 2nd- 40-59
      - 3rd- <20
- - - - Promotion of polish language, scince and education worldwide
- - - - Signed year after joining EU
      - Defines term "minorities"
        
        Want to preserve national bounds (belonging to a nation?)
        
        Groups that live on polish teritory over 100 years
        
        They have different language and/ culture they want to preserve
        
        Group smaller than number of population of Poland
      - Division of minorities from 1997
      - Contains list of minorities
  - - - bilingual school
      - active, have one seat obligatory in government
      - Have they own newspapers
- - - - Balcerowicz plan
        
        SHOCK THERAPY
        
        slowdown of industrial development
        
        foregin debt
        
        inflation
        
        spiraling prices of goods
        
        1980-economic slump
        
        Definition: sudden release of price controls, witchdrawal from subsidies, trade liberalisation, large scale privatisation of previously state owned assets
        
        Consisted of 10 plans
        
        Signed by president Jaruzelski 31th December 1989
      - Cooperation with the IMF
        
        Establishment of fund meant to stabilise exchange rate 1USD to 1PLN
        
        Jeffrey Sachs
    - - in 1993 about 40% of people lived below the social minimum wages
      - old-age pensions and disability pensions fell by 30%
      - farmers’ income was down by 50%
      - Nearly 3 million people remained unemployed
      - and consumer goods prices rose a few hundred percent.
      - Recession
      - triple digit inflation
  - - - His efforts to democratize his country's political system and decentralize its economy led to the downfall of communism and the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991
      - In1985 started the transformation of regime
      - Russian and formerly Soviet politician
    - - Polish Round table talks
      - 6th February - 5th April 1989
      - Constitution was influenced and the system started changing
    - - free elections
      - formation of Senate
      - Presidential election in 1990
      - Liberalisation of trade unions
- - - - Sejm (lower house) = 460 people
      - Senate 100 people
  - - - PiS (Law and Justice)
      - Twój Ruch (Your Movement)
      - PO (Civic Platform)
      - SLD - The Democratic Left Alliance
      - PSL (The Polish People’s Party)
        
        oldest political party
      - Kukiz’15
      - Nowoczesna (Modern
      - Razem (Together)
      - Confederation, Freedom and Independence
    - - KO (Koalicja Obywatelska)
        
        PO + Nowoczesna
        
        estabilished before local elections in 2018
      - Lewica Obywatelska
        
        SLD + Wiosna + Razem
        
        founded before parliamentary elections in 2019