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Energy Metabolism: Respiration (Types of respiration (strict/obligate…
Energy Metabolism: Respiration
Types of respiration
strict/obligate aerobes
require oxygen to surive
aerobic respiration
oxygen as electron receptor
waste product = H2O
more efficient/generates more ATP
Citric Acid Cycle
initial step = glycolysis
obligate anaerobes
cannot survive in presence of oxygen
anaerobic respiration/fermentation
#
Less efficient
pyruvate as an electron acceptor
lactic acid build up
C6H12O6-------->Lactic acid/ethanol+ATP
initial step = glycolysis
facultative organisms
#
live in aerobic environment
aerobic repiration
can survive/respire with out oxygen
fermentation
Heat generating respiration
thermogenic respiration
no electron transport chain
NADH is converted to heat directly
help plants survive stress condition
Pentose-phosphate pathway
transform glucose in erythrose and ribose
produce NADPH
reduction of nitrate to amino acids
Fermentation of alcoholic beverage
wine
oxygen available
turns vinegar
popular fruit/plant= grape
sherry, port, madeira
extra ethanol= fortified wine
Vitis vinifera
Beer
Yeast fermentation
low calorie beer
dilluted/lower alcohol content
starch to sugar conversion
mash with less carbs is used
malt
Strong taste
higher alcohol content
not filtered
most common= Barley
starchy cereal grain conversion
spirits
high alcohol content
vodka, whikey
at least 20% alcohol content
Agave plants
main ingredient in tequila
advantages/disadvantages
positive
lower heart risk
negatives
alcohol syndrome
death
addiction
Environmental and internal factors
temperature
5 to 25 degree Celsius
optimal for good respiration
shoots and roots
differ in temperature
if temperature increase by 10 degree Celsius
respiration rate doubles
no oxygen
#
more oxygen in the roots
Plants
no oxygen produced at night
maintain full respiration
