Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Eye and the Endocrine System Leslie Ayala P.2 (Major structures and…
Eye and the Endocrine System Leslie Ayala P.2
Major structures and functions of the eye
Cornea- Transparent covering
Pupil- Opening that lets light into eye
Chroid- Dark pigment layer (under the sclera)
Iris- circular muscle: controls the size of pupil
Sclera - fibrous "white" part of eye
Lens- Focuses light rays onto fovea
Vitreous Humor- Jelly like fluid maintains eyeball shape (inside the eye)
Ciliary Body (muscle) - Controls shape of lens
Retina- Layer of sensory receptor cells
Aqueous humor- Water fluid behind cornea (anterior to the lens)
cones- Bright light (colors)
Conjunctiva- Mucous membrane covering the front surface of the sclera of the sclera and lining the eyelid
rods- low light (night vision)
Fovea- Small depression with high concentration of cones (Sharp focus)
Optic Disc - Region with no receptors, receptors connect to optic nerve
Diseases associated with the eye
Hyperopia (Foresightedness)- Can see distinct objects well but close objects appear blurry
Myopia (nearsightedness)- Can see close objects well but distinct objects appear blurry
Astigmatism- Unequal curvatures in different parts of the cornea or lens leads to blurry images
Color blindness- Inherited as an X- linked condition, most common type is red- green color blindness
Glaucoma- Damage to the optic nerve causes progressive loss in peripheral vision and can eventually leads to blindness
Conjunctivitis- Inflammation of the conjunctiva usually from bacteria or viral infection
Cataracts- Clouding of the lens that caused the world to appear distorted as if seen through frosted glass
Major functions of the endocrine system
Thymus: Helps build resistance to diseases
Pancreas: Aids of digestion of protein, fats and carbohydartes. Produces insulin which controls blodd sugar
Ovaries: Influence blood circulations and determines mental vigor and sex drive
Parathyroid: Secretes the hormones necessary for calcium abortion
Major glands / organs and their functions
Excorine Glands- (Secretes products into ducts
Endocrine Glands- Secretes products into body fluids to affect target cells
Pituitary Gland-Makes hormones and controls them
Thyroid Gland
Calicitonin- Bone sparing effect
Thyroxine and triiodothronine- binds to intracellular receptors within cells nucleus and starts transcription of MRNA for protein synthesis
Hormones produced and their target organs along with functions of the hormones
Prolactin(Mammary Gland)
Luteinizing Hormone( Ovary and testies)
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone- (thyroid gland)
Antidiurectic Hormone - (Kidney)
Growth Hormone( Liver, Adipose tissue )
Oxytocin- (Ovary and testies)
Diseases associated with the endocrine system (include sings and symptoms of diabetes Miletus)
Goiters- The enlargement of the thyroid
Diabetes Mellitus - A disease in which there is too much sugar in the blood which results in Excessive thirst, extreme hunger and vision of the thyroid
Thyroid cancer- irregulates mass on thyroid