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Cell structure (Plant cells Organelles of Plant Cell (Microtublules (Cilia…
Cell structure
Plant cells
Organelles of Plant Cell
Cell Wall
Plasmodesmata's location
Primary cell wall
Microfibril
Hemicelluloses
Secondary cell wall
Unusually strong cells
Storage Products
Cytosol
Clear substance of cytoplasm
Microfilaments
Actin
Cytoplasm
Protoplasm - (nucleus and vacuole)
Microtublules
Cilia
Centriole
Beta-tubulin
Alpha-tubulin
Flagella
Basal body
Central Vacuole
Tonoplast
Stores nutrients and waste
Water, salts, calcium, protein
Controls cell growth
Microbodies
Glyoxysomes
Converting fats to sugars
Peroxisomes
Detoxification
Nucleus
Nuclear envelope
Outer membrane
Inner membrane
Nuclear pores
Connection pores in membranes
Nucleoplasm
DNA
DNA enzymes
Histone proteins
RNA
Nucleolus
Dictyosomes
Endomembrane system
Golgi apparatus
Cisterna
Forming face
Vesicles accumulate
Maturing face
Vesicles are released
Plasma Membrane
Selectively permeable
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth ER
Lipid synthesis
Membrane assembly
Rough ER
Holds ribosomes
Protoplasm
All content inside cell
Plastids
Chromoplasts
Plastoglobuli
Chloroplasts
Chlorophyll
Thylakoids
Granum
Photosynthesis
Leucoplasts
Amyloplasts
Store starch
"Colorless"
Proplastids
In young cells
Structure
Inner membrane
Outer membrane
Stroma
Contain phytoferritin
Mitochondria
Structure
Outer mitochondrial membrane
Cristae
Inner mitochondrial membrane
Matrix
Cell respiration
Ribosomes
Read mRNA
Polysome
Protein synthesis
Composition: rRNA and proteins
Cells
Unicellular organism
Multicellular Organism
Different cell types
More organelles=More diversity
Division of labor
Organelles
Life cycle
Mother cell
2 daughter cells
Membranes
Composition of Membranes
Proteins
Intrinsic proteins
Partially immersed
Glycoproteins
Extrinsic proteins
Outside membrane
Two layers of phospholipids
Monolayer on water surface
Bilayer in agitated solution
Properties of Membranes
Movement of substances
Active transport
Molecular pumps
Facilitated diffusion
Passive transport
Growth
Vesicles fuse with membrane
Constant change
Permeability
Transport
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Functions of Membranes
Regulate passage in/out cell
Compartmentalize cell
Hold enzymes
Fungal Cells
Chitin
Contains nitrogen
NO plastids
Narrow, long tubes
Many, tiny nuclei
Basic cell types
Prokaryotic
Bacteria and Archaea
Eukaryotic
Plants, animals, fungi, protists
Membrane-bound nucleus
Organelles
Associations of Cells
Communication is key
Secrete specific compounds
Connections/Physical contact
Plasmodesmata in plants
Primary pit field
Symplast (protoplasm)
Intercellular spaces
Between cells
Spaces+wall=apoplast
