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Contemporary debate: Using conditioning techniques to control the behavior…
Contemporary debate: Using conditioning techniques to control the behavior of children
For
in schools
education- operant conditioning e.g gold stars
McAllister et al(1969)- increased use of 'teacher praise' led to decrease of 'inappropriate talking'
LeFancois (2000)- classical conditioning can improve student performances
vulnerable groups
Lovaas (1987)- developed applied behavior analysis(ABA) to increase frequency of social interactions for children with autism
Robinson et al (1981)- showed how use of token economy can improve performance in reading and vocabulary- related tasks of children with hyperactivity
at home
naughty step- positive reinforcement
parental control over pocket money- increases positive behaviours
Against
in schools
learned helplessness- if expect reward then don't put in effort
reward decreases inner motivation
some educational approaches e.g Montessori education- rewards and punishment by conditioning are harmful to child's development. affects internal drive to learn
vulnerable groups
criticism of Lovaas (1987)- many methodological flaws, e.g not randomly allocating children
conditioning techniques only treat symptoms so behaviors may re-emerge
at home
techniques such as the naughty step often criticized by childcare experts, e.g Morris(2014)
children don't have same ability as adults to reflect so naughty step not effective
stressful life/ full-time parent- don't have time to consistently discipline