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Sources of Coastal Sediment (Terrestrial (RIVERS (Rivers are the main…
Sources of Coastal Sediment
Terrestrial
RIVERS
Rivers are the main source of sediment input as they deposit sediment, especially in coasts with a steep gradient
Sediment is deposited at the river mouth as the river loses energy
Also known as fluvial deposition the river brings in sediment eroded by itself, ice wind and weathering
In some areas up to 80% of coastal sediment is from rivers
CLIFFS
Cliffs are a major source of coastal sediment due to erosion, erosion of weak cliffs in high energy environment (Jurassic Coast) can input up to 70% of sediment overall (usually around 5%)
Some sediment may be large rocks and boulders form cliff collapse
A large amount of sediment is inputted to the system during floods
Aeolian deposition - materail inputted by the wind, this can come from exposed sand bars for example. This is typically much finer sediment such as sand
Offshore
Tides and currents bring material in
Constructive waves can bring sediment to the system, depositing it when the wave breaks and loses energy
Human
BEACH NOURISHMENT
People add material to the beach imported from elsewhere to protect it from erosion
Sand may be pumped onto the beach or brought by a lorry
Hard engineering/Coastal management can also affect coastal sediment budget
E.g input from longshore drift can be impacted by the building of groynes