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Timeline of EU Events (2000s - now (2004: Draft constitution signed.…
Timeline of EU Events
2000s - now
2001: Treaty of Nice signed; extends majority voting.
2002: Old currencies were withdrawn, ‘Euro’ becomes the sole currency in the majority of EU; Convention on the Future of Europe created to draw up a constitution for larger EU.
2003: Treaty of Nice comes into effect.
2004: Draft constitution signed.
Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovak Republic, Czech Republic, Slovenia join.
2005: Draft constitution rejected by voters in France and the Netherlands.
2007: Lisbon Treaty signed, this modified the constitution until it was deemed a sufficient compromise; Bulgaria and Romania join.
2008: Irish voters reject the Lisbon Treaty.
2009: Irish voters accept the Lisbon Treaty. Lisbon Treaty comes into effect.
2013: Croatia joins.
2016: United Kingdom votes to leave.
Pre-1950
1923: European Union society formed; supporters include Konrad Adenauer and Georges Pompidou, after that both of them be the leaders of Germany and France.
1942: Charles de Gaulle calls for a union.
1945: World War II ends; Europe is left divided.
1946: European Union of Federalists forms to campaign for a United States of Europe.
September 1946: Churchill calls for a United States of Europe based around France and Germany to increase the chance of peace.
1948: Benelux Customs Union formed by Belgium, Luxembourg, and Netherlands.
1948: Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) created to organize the Marshall Plan; some argue this is not unified enough.
1949: NATO forms. Council of Europe formed to discuss closer co-operation.
1950s
1957: Treaties of Rome signed: creates Common Market / European Economic Community (EEC) and European Atomic Energy Community.
1954: France rejects the EDC treaty.
1950: Schuman Declaration proposes French and German coal and steel communities.
1952: European Defence Community (EDC) Treaty.
1958: Treaties of Rome come into effect.
1951: European Coal and Steel Community Treaty signed by Germany, France, Ireland, Luxembourg, Belgium, and Netherlands.
1960s
1968: Full customs union created in the EEC, ahead of schedule.
1961: Britain tries to join the EEC but is rejected.
1967: British application again rejected.
1966: Luxembourg Compromise gives majority vote on some issues, but leaves national veto on key areas.
1963: Franco-German Treaty of Friendship; they agree to work together on many policy issues.
1969: Hague summit to “relaunch” the Community, attended by heads of state.
1970s
1975: First meeting of the European Council, where heads of state gather to discuss events.
1970: Werner Report argues economic and monetary union possible by 1980. Agreement for EEC to raise own funds through levies and customs duties.
1979: First direct elections to European Parliament. Agreement to create the European Monetary System.
1972: Paris Summit agrees on plans for the future, including economic and monetary union and ERDF fund to support depressed regions.
1973: UK, Ireland, and Denmark join.
1980s
1985: Single European Act agreed; takes two years to ratify.
1986: Portugal and Spain join.
1984: Draft Treaty on European Union produced.
1987: Single European Act comes into effect.
1981: Greece joins.
1990s
1992: Maastricht Treaty / Treaty on European Union signed.
1993: Maastricht Treaty comes into effect.
1995: Austria, Finland, and Sweden join and decision taken to introduce the single currency, the Euro.
1997: Treaty of Amsterdam makes minor changes.
1999: Euro introduced in eleven counties and treaty of Amsterdam comes into effect.