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The Enlightenment (Enlightenment criticism and proposals (In relation:…
The Enlightenment
Enlightenment criticism and proposals
In relation:
Politics:
They propused mesures to limit the powers of absotute monarchs.
Montesquieu
Argues for the s
eparation of powers
(three branches).
Legislative
Executive
Judicial branches
Voltaire
Favoured a
strong monarchy
, but he also supported the existence of a parliament.
Rosseau
Introduced the idea of
popular sovereignty.
Economy:
A group of thinkers called the Physiocrats argued that agriculture was the truesource of wealth.
Society:
Enlightenment thinkers criticised the
social inequality
and argued that no group should have special
privileges.
Enlightenment in Spain
important
Spanish thinkers
and politicians wanted to use Enlightenment ideas
to improve
social conditions
culture conditions
economic conditions
How did they spread their ideas?
they published scientific and literary papers
schools & academies
new public spaces
Royal Botanical Garden
Enlightenment ideas resistance from:
Church
many people
nobility
defended their traditional way of life
Enlightenment despotism
Was a new form of government that developed in some European countries in the 18th century
What it wanted to do was
Improve subjects' quality of life by combining absolute monarchy with Enlightenment ideas.
Modernise the country
Was not a successful form of government because it mantained the privileges of the estate system.
T
he Enlightenment: a change in thinking
Intellectual movement
In Europe during the 18th century.
Criticised the traditions of the Ancien Régime and suggested new ideas to change and reform society.
They believed that the people should have the same
legal rights and freedoms
Wanted to enlighten the society using three different things.
Reason
Science
Education
His ideas spread through
Newspapers
Periodicals
Such as the
Encyclopaedia
.
Books
They were taught and discussed in special schools and academies.