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Acne (Symptoms (Papules (small red bumps), Pustules (white/yellow spots),…
Acne
Symptoms
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Commonly found on face, chest and upper back
Pathophysiology
A common chronic disorder affecting the hair follicle and sebaceous gland, in which there is expansion and blocking of the follicle and inflammation
Most common = acne vulgaris
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The bacterium breaks down the triglycerides in sebum into FFA's resulting in irritation, inflammation and the attraction of neutrophils
This results in pus formation and further inflammation since the now full hair follicle is rapidly filled with attracted neutrophils
Epidemiology
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Affects the face, back and chest
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Treatment Plan
Mild
- Benzyl Peroxide gel/cream (increases skin turnover, clears pores and reduces bacterial count, causes dryness due to keratolytic effect)
- Topical antibiotics
- Topical retinoids (these inhibit the formation and reduce the number of microcomedones)
Severe
- In addition to topical therapy
- Oral tetracyclines (4 month minimum use, contraindicated in pregnancy and children)
- Hormonal treatment (indicated when standard antibiotic treatments have failed or when control of menstruation is required, anti-androgen treatment suppress sebum production)