Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Hardware and operating system (computer elements (motherboard and…
Hardware and operating system
Computer language and function
When we communicate or memorise a sentence or make calculations, we use a lot of different symbols, sound and images. Computer only uses the numbers 0 and 1, this is known as the binary sistem. we give a code to each of the letters of the alphabet, and to the characters computer uses, so that we can store them
The smallest unit of information that we can store in a computer is called a bit
computer funtions
we use the name hardware for the phisical components of the computer that we can use and that we can move.
software or programs refers to the data and the instructions we use to manage that data
computers carry out four different functions
output of data using peripheral devices
storing data in the storage device
imput of data using peripheral devices
procesing data using the central procesing unit (CPU) using the microproccesor and the memory
computer elements
memory and units of storage
RAM
the computer´s main memory is it RAM
ROM BIOS
when you turn your computer on, it automaticaly checks the system in the main memory. This intial check is carried out using instructions stored in a special read only memory: ROM BIOS
cache memory
RAM cannot work at the same speed as the microprocessador so a much faster memory is installed between the RAM and the micrprocessador : The cache memory
microprocessor
The microprocessor is an integrated circuit made up of millions of tiny transitors working together to procces the instructions and data recived from the memory
storage devices
solid state memory
magnetic disks
optical discs
motherboard and conecting devices
inside of your computer, you will find a large board, we call it the motherboard. All the other components are conected to the motherboard
SLOTS can be used to add new components to the pc
The IDE ore ATA and SATA, conect the hard disc, CD drive and DVD drive to the motherboard
Varius input / output ports
The CHISPET is a number of integrated circuits designed to perform related functions
conecting external devices
using the external on the side or back of the computer
By special connectors on the motherboard
Using an expansion slot on the motherboard, to connect a sound card or a graphic card
software and the operating system
Operating system
: Manage the resources, making them avaiable for use by the user
Aplications
: word procesor, spreadsheets, presentations, database managment tools, drawing programes
Programing languajes
: This programes can be used to create other programes
Functions of the operating system
Manages the microprocessador
2 .manages the memory and storage systems
provides an interface or working interface
comunication between applications and peripheral devices
Windows operating system
installing and uninstalling programs
we can install programs using a installation wizard that guides us througth the proces. The
agregar o quitar programas
tool is very usefull
hard disk mintenance
1.
Cleaning the hard disk
2.
Degfragmenting the hard disk
3.
detecting and repaairing errors
saving power
To do this, click on
panel de control;opciones de energia
System updates
operating systems are constantly being updated
Linux operating system
installing and unistalling programes
Añadir y quitar
in the
aplicaciones
menu, This is the easiest way
Synaptic package management program
.To open it, select
Sistema;Administracion
, this programe gives you more control
how to keep your system update
open de
Gestor de actualizaciones
, click on
Comprobar
, and a list of recommended updates will appear. Click on
Instalar actualizaciones
to install the selected updates
Computer networks
A computer network is a set of computers connected to each other so that they can share resources
Elements in a network
Each computer needs an adaptator or network card
The hub distributes all of the information it receives
3.The information travels down a transmision medium
wireless networks
Wireless networks use electromagnetic waves to transmit data
Shared internet acces
Using
internet conecction sharing
, where all comunication is trhought one computer that must be switched one all time
Using a
router
, which detects data and directs toand from the internet
