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COMPETING IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT (Branding (Scope (Global, International,…
COMPETING IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT
Global Trade
Comparitive advantage
The diamond model (Porter, 1990)
Absolute
Relative
The five forces of competition (Porter, 1980)
WTO
Agreements
Taxes
Government policy
International Operations
Outsourcing
Focus on core competencies
Cost savings
Risk of delays in supply
Global Supply Chains
Review locations
Review cost of logistics
Remote management
Strategies
Home export
Multi domestic
Regional
Global
Vertically integrated supply chain
Control of supply chain
inefficient / no market forces
Supplier relationships
Partnerships
Joint ventures
Vertical integration
Arms length
Finance
Financial Flows
Balance of payments
Current account
Capital account
Financial account
Foreign Direct Investments (FDI)
Transfer pricing
Arms length pricing
Transfer mis-pricing
Unitary taxation
US states
Exchange Rate Fluctuations
Main factor causing
problems for SME's
Value determined by market forces
Economist Big Mac index
Strong currency
High demand
Reduced exports
Increased interest rates
Weak currency
Low demand
Increased exports
Overcoming problems
Same currency markets
Operate in several markets
Buy at fixed price
Set contracts in home currency
International Financial Reporting Standards
Transparancy
Accountability
Efficiency
Global comparison
Global standards
International Accounting Standards Board
Standard setting process
Consultation
Research program
Standards development
Implementation
Convergence and Divergence
"We are in transition"
Camp fire stories
Media companies
People controlling media
Convergence
Global brands
Global marketing
Divergence
Local tastes
Local culture
HRM and Globalisation
Jobs
Losses
Competing goods
Offshoring
Technological or process improvement
Gains
Value add positions
Services industry
Developing countries
Job Quality
Increased wage inequality
"Race to the bottom"
Sweatshops
Threat of offshoring
Government Help
Part time work programmes
Temp work subsidies
Return to work
Life long training policies
International Marketing
Transnational Company (TNC)
International expansion
Saturated domestic market
Small domestic market
Low growth domestic market
Customer drivers
Competitive forces
Cost
Portfolio balance
Macro Environment
Socially similar
Political and legal considerations
Technological development
Ethical issues
Micro Environment
Market size
Competition
Costs
Profit potential
Market access
Market Entry
Indirect export
Direct export
Joint venture
Strategic alliance
Licencing
Direct Investment
Franchising
Contract manufacture
Globalisation / Customisation
"Think Global, act Local"
Adapt communications
Branding
Identity
Image
Reputation
Equity
Content
Role
Organisation
Benefit sales
Deter competition
Income
Premium pricing
Consumer
Reduce risk
Aid decision making
Emotional reward
Identification and cost
Packaging
Scope
Global
International
Local
Ethics
Consumer protection
Different regulations
Less advertising protection
Cultural homogenisation
Export of values
Spread of consumerism
Loss of local culture
Over consumption and waste
Targeting lower income consumers
Marketing pruducts beyond reach
Can't make infformed decisions
MNC's could offer basic products
CSR
Through market
Consumers don't know
Not consumers primary consideration
Through government
Different standards
Limitation of laws
Self-regulation
Conflicting interests
Power of company lobbying
