SDG 2 targets and indicators
https://sdg-tracker.org/zero-hunger
Target 2.4: Sustainable food production and resilient agricultural practices
SDG INDICATOR 2.4.1
Sustainable food production
Definition: Indicator 2.4.1 is the “proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture.”
It is currently not clear or well-defined what constitutes productive and sustainable agricultural practice.
Target 2.C: Ensure stable food commodity markets and timely access to information
UN definition: “Adopt measures to ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets and their derivatives and facilitate timely access to market information, including on food reserves, in order to help limit extreme food price volatility.”
SDG INDICATOR 2.C.1
Food price anomalies
Definition: Indicator 2.C.1 is the “indicator of food price anomalies”.
Food price anomalies can be measured using the domestic food price volatility index.
Domestic food price volatility index measures the variation (volatility) in domestic food prices over time - this is measured as the weighted-average of a basket of commodities based on consumer or market prices. High values indicate a higher volatility (more variation) in food prices.
Goal: By 2030 “adopt measures to ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets and their derivatives and facilitate timely access to market information, including on food reserves, in order to help limit extreme food price volatility”.
Target 2.3: Double the productivity and incomes of small-scale food producer.
SDG INDICATOR 2.3.1
Production per labour unit
Indicator 2.3.1 is the “volume of production per labour unit by classes of farming/pastoral/forestry enterprise size”.
This is reported here in the SDG Tracker as the economic value added per agricultural worker.
SDG INDICATOR 2.3.2
Income of small-scale food producers
Definition: Indicator 2.3.2 is the “average income of small-scale food producers, by sex and indigenous status”.
Goal: By 2030 “double the average income of small-scale food producers”.
Target 2.B: Prevent agricultural trade restrictions, market distortions and export subsidies
UN definition: “Correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets, including through the parallel elimination of all forms of agricultural export subsidies and all export measures with equivalent effect, in accordance with the mandate of the Doha Development Round.”
SDG INDICATOR 2.B.1
Agricultural export subsidies
Definition: Indicator 2.B.1 is the “value of agricultural export subsidies”.
Goal: By 2030 “correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets, including through the parallel elimination of all forms of agricultural export subsidies”
This target requires an elimination of agricultural export subsidies by 2030.
Target 2.5: Maintain the genetic diversity in food production
SDG INDICATOR 2.5.1
Genetic resources in conservation facilities
Definition: Indicator 2.5.1 is the “number of plant and animal genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in either medium- or longterm conservation facilities”.
This is measured here as the number of accessions of plant and animal breeds which are stored in secure medium or long-term facilities.
Goal: “Maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild species, including through soundly managed and diversified seed and plant banks at the national, regional and international levels”.
This target is set for the year 2020, unlike most SDGs which have a target date of 2030.
SDG INDICATOR 2.5.2
Local breeds at risk of extinction
Definition: Indicator 2.5.2 is the “proportion of local breeds classified as being at risk, not at risk or at unknown level of risk of extinction”
This measure is shown as the number of local breeds in a given country at risk of extinction.
Goal: “Maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild species, including through soundly managed and diversified seed and plant banks at the national, regional and international levels”.
This target is set for the year 2020, unlike most SDGs which have a target date of 2030.
Target 2.A: Invest in rural infrastructure, agricultural research, technology and gene banks
SDG INDICATOR 2.A.1
Agriculture orientation index
Definition: Indicator 2.A.1 is the “agriculture orientation index for government expenditures”.
The agriculture orientation index (AOI) is the agriculture share of government expenditures, divided by the agriculture share of GDP.
An AOI larger than 1 means the agriculture section receives a higher share of government spending relative to its economic value.
SDG INDICATOR 2.A.2
Official flows to agriculture
Definition: Indicator 2.A.2 is “total official flows (official development assistance plus other official flows) to the agriculture sector”.
This is given as the total development assistance for agriculture received by a given country each year.
Target 2.1: Universal access to safe and nutritious food
SDG INDICATOR 2.1.1
Prevalence of undernourishment The prevalence of undernourishment is the share of the population with a caloric intake which is insufficient to meet minimum requirements for a healthy life
Goal: “End hunger” by 2030. This means eliminating undernourishment for all.
SDG INDICATOR 2.1.2
Prevalence of food insecurity Definition: Indicator 2.1.2 is the “prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population, based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES)”.
Goal: “Achieve food security” by 2030. This means ending moderate and severe food insecurity for all.
Target 2.2: End all forms of malnutrition
SDG INDICATOR 2.2.1
Prevalence of childhood stunting
Definition: Indicator 2.2.1 is the “prevalence of stunting among children under 5 years of age”.
Goal: By 2030 “end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age”.
The intermediate target is a reduction in the prevalence of stunting by 40% by 2025 (from 2012 levels).
SDG INDICATOR 2.2.2
Prevalence of childhood malnutrition (wasting or overweight)
Definition: Indicator 2.2.2 is the “prevalence of malnutrition among children under 5 years of age, by type (wasting and overweight)”.
Goal: By 2030 “end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons”.
This targets an elimination of wasting, and the prevalence of children being overweight by 2030.
A child is defined as "wasted" if their weight-for-height is more than 2 standard deviations below the median of the WHO Child Growth Standards.
A child is defined as "overweight" if their weight-for-height is more than 2 standard deviations above the median of the WHO Child Growth Standards.
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