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MTGW_Cai_Ingram (Italian Expansion (1933-1940) (Causes of Expansion…

- - - - After many of Italy's harsh actions, especially Abyssinia, the League of Nations imposed sanctions on Italy. Italy sees this as a potential threat and leaves the League of Nations.
      - Eventually Italy and Germany became allies due to their shared ideologies and motives. They both ban communism and become resentful towards the Soviet Union.
      - Fascism leads Italy to become more cautious with other European powers; it's the only fascist country before Germany and this leads it to attempt influencing countries around it in the balkans, as well as Austria.
    - - Italy is expanding its influence into Austria, however, Germany places its troops on the border with Austria. Italy sees this as a threat and forces them to back off. Later, when Germany is more powerful, Italy and Germany become allies in the Axis faction, later comprising Japan, who had similar ambitions in the Pacific.
      - The Rome-Berlin Axis is formed, with those cities being the capitols of fascism in Europe. They each benefit economically and militarily from this diplomacy. Italy leaves the League of Nations after sanctions are imposed.
      - The Stresa Front between France, Italy, and the UK is formed, aimed with preventing Germany from achieving power again. Italy soon leaves and becomes allies with Germany, and the UK begins negotiating with Germany, breaking up this alliance.
    - - Italy is lacking in natural resources, and therefore the economy suffers. Italy has to import most goods, increasing the tariff. The population becomes unhappy, allowing for outside influence, particulalry the Soviet Union
      - Italy begins looking at the possibility of further colonization to improve its economy. This is one of the main reasons Italy conquers Abyssinia, and also contributes to the invasion of Albania.
      - Italian Depression causes instability and impacts trade with other nations. Italy begins trading more with Eastern Europe, due to having more processed materials and less natural materials.
  - - - As Italy saw that Albania was in a weak position, and invading would allow Italy a strategic position in the Mediterranean, it is no surprise that Italy invaded. After having several agreements with King Zog, the Italians were angered that Albania refused to be colonized, and simply invaded without any previous notice.
    - - Germany did not notify Italy about the invasion of Poland, so Italy was caught off-guard. Italy got dragged into the war as a result, and was incredibly unprepared, since Hitler gave no notice.
    - - Italy is lacking in natural resources. It's colonies in Africa, Somalia and Eritrea, border an unclaimed territory that does not have a good military. Italy invades Abyssinia mainly as a way of expanding its empire, and tensions are increased between Italy and the League of Nations.
  - - - The League of Nations at first does nothing to punish Italy for its aggressive expansion. However, its members eventually see it fit to place sanctions on Italy when they invade Abyssinia. This sours relations between Italy and the LN, and is ultimately one of the reasons why Italy joined in WW2
      - Germany continued to see Italy as a valuable ally, and eventually signed the Pact of Steel. Germany and Italy supported each other in their expansion endeavors, and eventually became allies in the war.
    - - Finally, after Germany invaded Poland, the Allies declared war. Italy did not actually join the war until a year later, when the defeat of France was apparent.
- - - - Since China is in shambles in a civil war, Japan sees this as a perfect time to invade, since the Communists and Monarchists are at war.
      - All Chinese governments form the united front, and delay the civil war until after Japan has been dealt with. This significantly slows the Japanese invasion of China.
    - - Japan treats Chinese as subhuman in many cases, such as the Rape of Nanking, where many Chinese citizens who were innocent were tortured, murdered, and raped by the invading Japanese.
      - Japan has sanctions imposed by the US and threatens Japan that if they do not stop the invasion, they will stop their influx of oil to Japan. This sours relations with the US.
      - After staging a train accident, Japan justifies this as worthy of invading China. They declare that China committed this act, and declares war.
    - - The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise, preemptive military strike by the Japanese on America. The cause of this strike was to cripple America's foothold in the Pacific, and to retaliate for the sanctions they had placed.
      - The United States declared war shortly after the attack on Pearl Harbour, and this officially brought Japan and the US into World War 2.
      - Seeing Germany and Italy's successes in Europe, Japan joins the Axis faction since they have the same motives. They each support each other militarily and economically.
  - - - The Communist and Nationalist parties of China came together to fight the Japanese army, at least until they were pushed back enough. This temporarily ended the Chinese civil war.
    - - The international responses to Japan's actions were mixed. Japan left the LN after they responded to the Manchurian Bridge Incident. The US declared war after Japan attacked Pearl Harbour. And, the Axis sent support and helped Japan after seeing how Japan might be a valuable ally.
    - - The Lytton report confirmed that Japan was wrongfully aggressive to China over the Manchurian train incident. After the LN accepted it, Japan left the LN.
  - - - Japan wanted a strong western style power in their country.
      - Japan wanted a bigger and stronger army and try to adapt to strategies to be powerful.
    - - Different groups of Faction were fighting over the government and try to change it in their ways.
    - - Japan government did not have much power but only there military did, since it had an army for war.
      - The economy was low because they did not have a lot of natural resources to trade or sell.
- - - - The Nazi-Soviet pact was a nonaggression neutrality between the Germany and the soviet of announcing the end of their violence.
      - The pact of Steel was signed by Germany and Italy to formed alliance.
    - - Germany remilitarize there territory at the Rhineland to improve military.
      - The Anglo-German Naval Agreement was a settlement for Germany naval and were able to expand to the United Kingdom
    - - Hitler's aggressive foreign policy creates violence and he try to gain as much power and also creates consequences from other countries.
      - Hitler and his German soldiers invaded Poland and went against France and Britain and that caused the start of WW2.
  - - - Nazism is a set of political beliefs associated with the Nazi Party of Germany.
      - Germany wanted more power and land and that leads them to be aggressive and take over other countries like Poland.
    - - Germany had to pay for repairment for WW1 and that makes them feel pressure and have to find ways to get that money.
      - Germany borrow money from the United Sates and put them in debt.
    - - Rome-Berlin axis was created by Italy and Germany which is a alliance that is created when either of the country is in battle or in need then they would come and support each other.
      - When the League of nation was created, Germany was not allowed to join at first because of the treaty of Versailles.
  - - - France and Britain did not want Germany to be so powerful and so aggressive, so they signed a treaty to try to bring Germany down.
      - The League of Nation offer part of Czechoslovakia to Germany to stop his aggression of taking over other countries.