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Memory (Stratagies (Information Chunks (Bits of information grouped into…

- - - - Long-term Memory
        
        Relatively permanent storage of meaningful information
        
        Types
        
        Implicit Memory
        
        A memory that is retrieved unconsciously (not thinking about it)
        
        Procedural Memory
        
        Long-term memories of conditioned responses and learned skills
        
        Priming
        
        Facilitating the retrieval of an implicit memory by using cues to activate hidden memories
        
        Explicit Memory
        
        A memory that a person is aware of having, can be consciously retrieved
        
        Declarative Memory
        
        The part of long term memory containing specific, factual information
        
        Episodic Memory
        
        Memory that records personal experiences that are linked with specific times and places
        
        Easily forgotten
        
        Semantic Memory
        
        Memory that records impersonal knowledge about the world
        
        Features
        
        Loftus and Palmer (1974)
        
        Wording changes memory of a persons experience
        
        False Memories
        
        Memories that seem accurate but is not.
        
        Elaborating False Memories
        
        In recording new memories, old memories can be updated changed, lost, or revised
        
        Source Confusion
        
        Occurs when the origins of a memory are misremembered
        
        Memory Decay
        
        The fading or weakening memories assumed to occur when memory traces become weaker.
        
        Curve of forgetting
        
        A graph that shows amount of memorized information remembered after varying lengths of time.
        
        Misinformation Effect
        
        Refers to impairment in memory for the past that arise after exposure to misleading information
        
        Flashbulb Memories
        
        Memory created at times of high emotion that seems especially vivid
        
        Not always accurate, but people place confidence in them
      - Stores small amounts of information in our conscious awareness for about 12 second
      - Working Memory
        
        Another name for STM, especially used for thinking and problem solving
- - - - Retrieval
        
        Recovering information from storage in memory
        
        Process differs for STM and LTM
        
        STM Retrieval
        
        Sequential retrieval
        
        LTM Retrieval
        
        Retrieved by association
      - Holding information in memory for later use