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UNEMPLOYMENT AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT (Way Forward on Job Creation (Shift…
UNEMPLOYMENT AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT
Employment Scenario
Findings of Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)
Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) in India has declined to 36.9% in 2017-18 from 39.5% in 2011-12
Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in India has declined to 34.7% in 2017- 18 from 38.6% in 2011-12
71% of men above 15 years and above are a part of the workforce as compared to just 22 per cent woman.
Rise in formal employment
Workers moving away from agriculture
Little Technical/ Vocational Education
Income gap
Condition in decent employment
share of workers with a written job contract in non agricultural
sector has declined from 40.9% in 2004-05 to 28.9% in 2017-18
The share of workers who are eligible for paid leave in non agricultural sector has declined from 53.8% in 2004-05 to 45.8% in 2017-18
The share of workers who are eligible for social security benefits in non-agricultural sector has increased from 45.5% in 2004-05 to 50.4% in 2017-18
Reasons for unemployment
Economic slowdown
Preference of voluntary unemployment
Downgrading of employment
Lack of Industry- Academia cohesion
Lack of vocational training
Way Forward on Job Creation
Shift development focus towards labour intensive sectors
Cluster development to support job creation
Formalisation of workforce
Greater focus is required on better and relevant skilling opportunities
Expansion in export market by developing Coastal Employment Zones
Incentivizing industry
public investments in health, education, police and judiciary to create many government jobs
government should introduce reforms to quell the wage gap
India will have to shed its service-led structure and transform into an innovation-driven economy