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milk processing (DEHYDRATED MILK: (milk is homogenised and pasteurised. it…
milk processing
DEHYDRATED MILK:
milk is homogenised and pasteurised. it is evaporated to 1/2 its volume and dried in powder form
(A) roller drying (B) spray drying
(A) milk is poured over heated metal rollers. it is scraped off, cooled and package in air tight containers
(B) milk is sprayed into a hot air chamber (165°) then the water instantly evaporates and the remaining powder falls to the bottom. it is cooled and packaged into the airtight container
destroys pathogenic bacteria, loss of vit B and C Amino acids lost, shelf life extended ( 2-10 years), does not taste like milk, reduced fat content. (A) difficult to reconstitute, (B) easy to reconstitute
HOMOGENISATION
heated to 65°, forced under pressure through tiny valves, fat globules are decreased in size and dispersed.
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CONDENSED MILK:
homogenised, pasteurised, evaporated by two thirds, 15% sugar added, then sealed into cans
destroys pathogens, loss of vit B and C, shelf life extended ( 1 year), increased carb content due to sugar added, colour and flavor change.
STERILISATION:
homogenised and packed + sealed into glass bottles, heated to 110° for 30 seconds and cooled
destroys pathogens, shelf life is extended (6 weeks unopened), loss of vit B folic acid and vit C, flavor is altered due to lactose becoming sweeter when heated.
PASTEURISATION:
Heated to 72° for 25 seconds and cooled rapidly to 10°. packed into sterilized containers and sealed.
destroys pathogens, some loss of vit B and C, extends shelf life( 6-8 days) and no noticeable change to flavor
ULTRA-HEAT TREATED:
homogenised and heated to 132° for 1-3 seconds, then cooled to 10° and packed into sterile containers
destroys pathogens, longer shelf life (approx 6 months if unopened), loss of vit B and C, flavor altered.
EVAPORATED:
pasteurised, evaporated to 505 of its volume, homogenised and sealed in tins and heated to 115°for 20 minutes
destroys pathogens, shelf life extended (1 year), loss of vit B and C, has a cooked flavor, the colou changes