Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Male with testicle shrinkage (Possible effects if steroid use stops (Mood…
Male with testicle shrinkage
Use of steroids for several months
Background
Endocrine system
Reproduction
Growth and development
Maintenance of electrolyte, water, and nutrient balance of blood
Regulation of cellular metabolism and energy balance
Mobilization of body defenses
Two kinds of hornones
Amino acid
Water soluble
Cannot cross the plasma membrane
Steriod
Lipid soluble
Can cross the plasma membrane
Endocrine glands
Pineal
Melatonin
Regulates sleep cycles
Pituitary
ADH
Controls water conservation in kidneys
Thyroid
Calcitonin
Calcium deposition
T3
Regulate bodies temperature, metabolism, heart rate
Binds to protiens
Parathyroid
PTH
Regulates calcium levels in the blood
Adrenal
Cortisol
Stress hormone
Epinephrine
Increase cardiac output
Raises glucose levels
Hormonal pathway
Hypothalamus sends signal to pituitary gland
Pituitary gland releases gonadotrophic substances (Luteinizing hormone)
Luteinizing hormone stimulates testosterone production
If too much testosterone is produced, Hypothalamus alerts pituitary to make less LH
Less LH tells testes to decrease testosterone levels
Feedback loops
Positive
Enhance or amplifies changes
Moves system away from its equilibrium
Makes it more unstable
Negative
Buffers changes
Brings system closer to its equilibrium
Makes it more stable
Up and down regulation
Up
Used by cells to increase their sensitivity to a specific hormone
Occurs when
a cell produces more receptors
The cell decreases its degradation of receptors
activating already present receptors
Cells will typically up regulate when concentration of hormone is very little
Down
When a cell decreases its sensitivity to a hormone by decreasing amount of available receptors
Possible effects if steroid use stops
Mood swings
Fatigue
Restlesness
Depression
Loss of appetite
Reduced sex drive
Insomia
If steroid use continues
Possible affects to the brain
Paranoid jealousy
Aggression
Delusions
Impaired judgement
Long-term health effects
Kidney problems or failure
Liver damage and tumors
Enlarged heart
High blood pressure
Increases risk of stroke and heart attack
Increased risk of blood clots
Effects in men
Development of breasts
Baldness
Decreased sperm count
Shrinking testicles
Increased risk of prostate
Withdraw symptoms